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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Missouri Compromise
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stated that Maine would be a free state and Missouri would be a slave state
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Compromise of 1850
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California is a free state, New Mexico and Utah get to decide (people vote) if it's a free state
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Fugitive Slave Act
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all runaway slaves had to be brought back to their masters
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Election of 1860
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Abraham Lincoln was elected, 2 democrats were running so their votes were split; Lincoln was a republican and got majority vote (south didn't trust him)
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Abolitionist
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person who wants to free slaves
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Succession
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the withdraw of a state from the Union (U.S.)
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Who was the first state to succeed? What happened after that?
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South Carolina
all southern states followed soon after that |
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Where and when did the war begin?
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April of 1861 in South Carolina
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Where was the western theater?
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by the Mississippi River
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Where was the eastern theater?
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near Washington D.C.
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Abraham Lincoln
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president of the Union
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Jefferson Davis
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president of the Confederacy
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Ulysses S. Grant
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in charge of the Union Army
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Robert E. Lee
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in charge of the Confederate Army
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What occurred in the Fall of New Orleans?
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Union Ships sailed up the river and faced directly into Fort Jackson
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Why would the Union's plan for the fall of New Orleans affect the Confederacy so badly?
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If the Union took over New Orleans then the Union would have the port.
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What Happened in the fall of Baton Rouge?
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the Union Army took control of the Louisiana State Capital, Baton Rouge; Union left b/c Confederates threatened to take New Orleans back and later that year Union took back Baton Rouge
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Who came up with the Anaconda Plan?
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the Union General, Winfield Scott
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What was the Anaconda Plan?
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to take control of the Mississippi River; block all Confederate Ports and take control of the MS River
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How would the Anaconda Plan affect the Confederacy?
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block their ports, split them in 2 and take the river, splitting them would leave TX, LA, and AK stranded, wouldn't be able to send supplies to the eastern front
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What was Port Hudson?
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Vicksburg fell on July 4, Confederates soon surrendered after fall, Union general informed Confederate general that the Union had taken Vicksburg
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What was the Red River Campaign?
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Union wanted to take over Shreveport, Alexandria, and Natchitoches by taking cotten from the river valley and conquer Shreveport (cotton is a staple crop)
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What happened in the Battle of Mansfield?
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Confederate General, Taylor ordered Alfred Mouton to charge at Union Army.
1,500 Union Soldiers were killed, wounded, or captured they attacked again at night while the union was retreating |
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What battle(s) did the Confederates win?
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Battle of Mansfield
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What battle(s) did the Union win?
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Fall of New Orleans, Fall of Baton Rouge, Anaconda Plan, Port Hudson, and the Red River Campaign
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What role do rivers in Louisiana play on the outcome of the Civil War in the Western Theatre?
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Rivers are important for:
- ports, transportation of goods and people The Union was able to get control of rivers through their campaigns Once the Union had control of the rivers, the Confederacy wouldn't be able to send anything to the east |
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What happened to slaves once they were free?
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Most slaves were cared for by the Union,
Some got paid to work for the Union Some joined the Union Army |
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Who issued the Emancipation Proclamation?
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Abraham Lincoln
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What did the Emancipation Proclamation do?
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freed all Confederate slaves
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Confiscation Act
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Union could take Confederate property
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Who controlled New Orleans?
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General Butler; he ruled very harshly
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When did the Union and General Butler begin ruling New Orleans?
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April 1862
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What happened to the port in New Orleans once the Union ruled?
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it was opened for international trade
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How did Butler treat the women?
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He allowed women to be mistreated
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What was Butler like?
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He became strict and wouldn't tolerate disrespect (he was controlling and harsh)
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When did the Civil War end?
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April 1865
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Who won the Civil War? How did they win?
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The Union won b/c the Confederates surrendered
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What was the South like once the War was over?
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They had nothing; completely had to rebuild society and the way they had done things for years
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Reconstruction
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the steps taken to restore the southern states to the Union. (involving rebuilding the south)
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Freedmen
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former slaves
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Black Codes
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laws that restricted the freedmen's actions, movements, and conduct
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Freedmen's Bureau
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government agency started by Lincoln that provided food, clothing, basic medical care, and education to the slaves
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13th Amendment
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passed in 1865 (right after the war ended); abolished slavery
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14th Amendment
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passed in 1868; freedmen are are now citizens
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15th Amendment
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passed in 1870; gave freedmen the right to vote
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What were political conditions in the South after the Civil War?
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all the former Confederate leaders were not allowed to hold political office
the Union put people into office and usually former generals |
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What were economy conditions in the South after the Civil War?
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made their own currency during the war so then their Confederate money was useless
Economy was based on slaves and agriculture then they didn't have slaves to create crops |
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What economy did the South turn to once they didn't have slaves?
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sharecropping to grow crops
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Sharecropping
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owners would give their former slaves a piece of their land and the freedmen would give the owner a majority of their crop
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What was society like in the South after the Civil War?
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society was divided:
freedmen who were trying to establish their lives whites who were constantly trying to push them down |
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Describe President Lincoln's Reconstruction Plan
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- wanted to bring the south back into the Union A.S.A.P.
10% plan; once they did this each state could set up their own constitution and their own government |
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10% Plan
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allowed states to rejoin the Union after 10% of it's voters took an oath of allegiance to the U.S.
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Describe Johnson's Reconstruction Plan
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vice president who becomes president when Lincoln was assassinated; from Tennessee, agrees with Lincoln's plan; he would readmit the states once they accepted the 13th amendment and that the southern states could decide how to treat former slaves; he was also going to allow former Confederate leaders to hold political office
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Describe the Congressional (Radical Republicans) Reconstruction Plan
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- they're opposed to Johnson's idea; disagreed w/ slavery and wanted equal rights for everyone
- goal: bring south back into the US but punish them - made south accept the 14th and 15th amendment and reapply to join the Union - 50/50 plan |
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Who will decide how Reconstruction works? Why?
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Radical Republicans b/c they have 2/3 of congress
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What did the Radical Republicans do to the South?
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split the southern states into 5 military groups and put Union soldiers in charge
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50/50 Plan
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told southern states that half of their elected black politicians
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What are similarities in the Presidential Plan and the Congressional Plan?
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- neither believed in slavery
- wanted to bring south back into Union and rebuild them - states could have their own gov. and constitution once readmitted |
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Colfax Riot
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1873, in Grant Parish, LA had elections and and a black republican and white democrat both claimed they won the election for sherif, ended up being a riot outside the courthouse against democrats and republicans and over 50 blacks died
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Unification Movement
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a group that planned to push for the right to vote for freedmen and wanted to develop an arrangement between whites and blacks for sharing political offices
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Knights of the White Camellia
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group of white men who wanted to control freed slaves and wanted to make sure that they were only voting for democrats; maintained control over blacks
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White League
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group that wanted to restore political power to the white democrats, willing to use violence to do that
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What was the White League involved in?
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The battle of Liberty Place
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Battle of Liberty Place
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took place in N.O., White League was about to get a large shipment of weapons, a battle breaks out between about 4,000 N.O. police vs. 8,000 members of the White League, White League seized N.O. city hall and a statehouse, in order to settle this, President Grant had to send troops down to restore order
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Henry Clay Warmouth
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1st elected governor in LA during Reconstruction. he was a carpetbagger and was impeached
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Carpetbagger
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northerner who comes to the south during reconstruction trying to make money through politics or business
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P.B.S. Pinchback
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1st black governor in the US and LA became governor when Warmouth was impeached, was only governor for 35 days
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Louisiana Governor's Election of 1872
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Republican candidate was Kellogg; Democratic candidate was McEnery, both said that they won and they both took the oath to become governor, asked Washington D.C. for help b/c there were 2 governors and President Grant decided that Kellogg (Republican) was the winner
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Louisiana's Governor's Election of 1876
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Nicholls (republican) vs. Packard (democrat) both said they won, and this time President Grant wouldn't help them so they decided that Nicholls would become governor and Packard would become Senator
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President Election of 1876
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Rutherford Hayes (republican) vs. Samuel Tilldon (democrat); Hayes won
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Compromise of 1877
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Hayes said if people gave him their electoral votes then he would pull the federal troops out of the south and reconstruction was over
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