Social Sciences Introduction

Front 1

Who is Howard Gardner and what was his theory?

Back 1

He was a psychologist that studied how we learned.

Hint 1

Modalities

Front 2

Define Modality

Back 2

Way of Doing Something

Hint 2

Way of ______ ________

Front 3

What is verbal learning?

Back 3

Ability to use language - speaking, listening, reading, writing

Hint 3

Language

Front 4

Define Nuance

Back 4

Literal and figurative meanings

Hint 4

One vs. the other

Front 5

What is logical learning?

Back 5

Ability to see patterns and use symbols

Hint 5

Patterns

Front 6

What is visual learning?

Back 6

Ability to mentally manipulate an object or form

Hint 6

Manipulate

Front 7

What is kinesthetic learning?

Back 7

Ability to move

Hint 7

Movement

Front 8

What is musical learning?

Back 8

Ability to listen, compose, and perform music

Hint 8

Music

Front 9

What is interpersonal learning?

Back 9

Ability to understand others (Empathy)

Hint 9

Empathy

Front 10

What is intrapersonal learning?

Back 10

Ability to understand yourself

Hint 10

Self-awareness

Front 11

What is the nervous system?

Back 11

Part of a body that controls its voluntary and involuntary actions and transmits signals everywhere

Hint 11

Controls actions

Front 12

What are the functions of the nervous system?

Back 12

It receives (5 senses), processes, and sends (to the body)

Hint 12

3 Functions (RPS)

Front 13

What does the Central Nervous System include?

Back 13

Brain and spinal cord

Hint 13

2 Parts

Front 14

What does the Peripheral Nervous System include?

Back 14

Mainly nerves that connect body parts

Hint 14

Everything else

Front 15

Define Neuron

Back 15

Forms a portion of the nervous system called the sympathetic ganglion.

Hint 15

Forms S.G

Front 16

How many directions do neurons travel in?

Back 16

One

Hint 16

1

Front 17

What does the afferent neuron do?

Back 17

Carry info to the brain from the 5 senses

Hint 17

Receives

Front 18

What does the association neuron do?

Back 18

Processes the information

Hint 18

Processes

Front 19

What does the efferent neuron do?

Back 19

Carries outgoing info & instructions from brain to body

Hint 19

Sends

Front 20

What are neurotransmitters?

Back 20

Chemicals in your brain

Hint 20

Chemicals

Front 21

What are the two main parts of the peripheral nervous system?

Back 21

Autonomic, somatic

Hint 21

-ic endings

Front 22

What are the two main parts of the autonomic components?

Back 22

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic

Hint 22

Fight vs. flight

Front 23

What does sympathetic do?

Back 23

Stimulates you

Hint 23

Coffee

Front 24

What does parasympathetic do?

Back 24

Calms you down

Hint 24

Weed

Front 25

What does the autonomic part do?

Back 25

Controls muscles of the internal organs

Hint 25

Muscles

Front 26

What does the somatic part do?

Back 26

Carries info to and from the muscles to the brain

Hint 26

To brain

Front 27

Which two parts of the peripheral nervous system are voluntary/involuntary?

Back 27

Somatic-voluntary movement

Autonomic- involuntary movement

Hint 27

Opposites

Front 28

Give some characteristics of left-brained people.

Back 28

Logical, organized, word-oriented, tense, remember names

Hint 28

Tense

Front 29

Give some characteristics of right-brained people.

Back 29

Creative, visualizers, picture-oriented, relaxed, remember faces

Hint 29

Relaxed

Front 30

What are the social sciences grounded in?

Back 30

Grounded in philosophy from Ancient Greece

Hint 30

Greece

Front 31

What did the Ancient Greeks study?

Back 31

How humans perceive the world, nature, and they made observations & tried to explain them.

Front 32

What did the Ancient Greeks discover, as well as have a hard time with?

Back 32

Discovered our body has systems, but didn't know what our brain did

Front 33

What happened to Greece when Rome took over?

Back 33

Rome applied Greek ways and adapted

Front 34

What happened after Rome took over Greece

Back 34

Greeks assimilated and moved from multiple Gods to Roman Catholic beliefs

Front 35

Define Dogma

Back 35

Belief system that can't be changed

Front 36

What were the dark ages?

Back 36

When the church tried to wipe all of the Ancient Greek knowledge

Front 37

What religion protected ancient Greek writing?

Back 37

Islam

Front 38

Define Protestantism

Back 38

New way of seeing Christianity, and has a more personal experience with God

Front 39

After Protestantism, what re-emerged?

Back 39

Inquiry and the Scientific revolution of Europe. People find Ancient Greek teachings, University system develops

Front 40

Define Renaissance

Back 40

Rebirth of Greek knowledge

Front 41

When were social sciences discovered?

Back 41

Industrial Revolution

Front 42

During the Renaissance, what was discovered?

Back 42

Humans are different and that social sciences are soft sciences

Front 43

Define Perception

Back 43

Process of acquiring, interpreting, selecting, and organizing sensory info

Front 44

Define sensation

Back 44

Process that activates our senses and enables them to transmit signals to the brain

Front 45

Define Passive Perception

Back 45

Just happens

Front 46

Define Active Perception

Back 46

Search it out

Front 47

Define Behaviour Modification

Back 47

Changing someone's behaviour and altering reactions to stimuli through positive and negative reinforcement

Front 48

Define Classical Conditioning

Back 48

Type of learning in which a stimulus acquires the capacity to evoke a response that was originally evoked by another stimulus

Front 49

Define Operant Conditioning

Back 49

Use of consequences to modify the occurrence and form of behaviour

Front 50

Describe the Pavloviant Response

Back 50

US -> UR

CS -> UR

Front 51

Describe aversion therapy

Back 51

Designed to eliminate bad habits by pairing them with something they don't like

Hint 51

Eliminate bad things

Front 52

What is systematic desensitization used for?

Back 52

Used to get over phobias by showing them that they aren't as bad as they think

Front 53

What three factors influence our perception?

Back 53

-the object itself

-the background

-the experiences of the person perceiving it

Hint 53

OBE

Front 54

Where does all behaviour stem from?

Back 54

Learning and instinctive behaviour

Front 55

What are the four processes to Bandura's observational learning?

Back 55

Attention

Retention

Reproduction

Motivation

Hint 55

ARRM

Front 56

Define Deductive Reasoning

Back 56

Works from the more general to the more specific. Sometimes this is informally called a "top-down" approach.

Hint 56

Top-down

Front 57

Define Inductive Reasoning

Back 57

Works the other way, moving from specific observations to broader generalizations and theories. Informally, we sometimes call this a "bottom up" approach.

Hint 57

Bottom-up

Front 58

Define Dilective Reasoning

Back 58

Comparing the two ideas side-by-side

Hint 58

Two at once

Front 59

What did Watson do?

Back 59

Associated rat with an unpleasant situation to feel fear

Hint 59

Rats

Front 60

What did Bandura do?

Back 60

He studied aggression and watched how other people influence behaviour

Hint 60

Aggression

Front 61

What did Harlow do?

Back 61

He raises monkies in isolation to see how they behave

Hint 61

Monkies

Front 62

What did Skinner do?

Back 62

He studied on animals and enforced the reward vs. punishment system

Hint 62

Operant