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Chapter 10: Relationships

...

why are interpersonal relationships hard to study?

can't randomly assign people to become friends/intimate; unethical


-instead, use technical stats to "unfurl" the data

Theories:


(Baumeister & Leary) why do relationships exist?

there exists a basic biological need to belong


1. evolution - it's how we maintained survival


2. universal - many cultures have it


3. satiable - need when we don't have


4. no relationships - negative mental and physical consequences; increase chance of suicide, decrease immune health (ie: elephants and feral children are examples of how socially dysfunctional the lack of relationships can make someone)

Harlow's monkeys

two monkey mothers: wire with bottle of milk (suggests needs for sustenance/life support) vs cloth with no bottle (suggests need for attachment/comforting)


results: when baby monkey (who is raised in isolation) is scared, it runs to be comforted by cloth mother

consequences of social rejection

shorter life spans, strong sensitivity to social rejection


-increase chronic pain, ailments, increase childbirth pain, increase stress


-fMRI - increase activity in areas of the brain that are related to physical pain (anterior cingulate) after social rejection feedback (ie: "these two people don't like you" and then observe person)