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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Define Attitude
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Favorable or unfavorable evaluative reactions toward something- rooted in beliefs and exhibited in feelings, and inclinations to act.
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When do attitudes predict behavior?
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-When other attitudes are minimized.
-When we focus on average behavior. -When we examine attitudes specific to the behavior. -When we make attitudes more potent. |
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What's a 'Bogus Pipeline'?
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Participants are hooked up to a fake lie detector and told it's real, so they say what they really believe.
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How do you make attitudes more potently affect behavior?
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-Increase their awareness of their attitude.
-Personal experience will make it more potent. |
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How do you increase someone's awareness of their attitude?
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-First ask individual to recall attitude, then ask them to act on it.
-Self consciousness: Make individual more self-aware which increases potency |
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When Behavior determines attitudes
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-Role Playing
-Saying Leads to believing -The foot-in-the door phenomenon -Evil acts and attitudes -Interracial behavior and attitudes -Social Movements |
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When Behavior determines attitudes:
Role Playing |
"Act" like you are in a role, and eventually you will feel comfortable in that role. As in Zimbardo's prison experiment.
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When Behavior determines attitudes:
Saying Leads to believing |
They begin to believe what they say IF there is NO bribing or coercion.
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When Behavior determines attitudes:
The Foot-in-the-door phenomenon |
Small request approved will lead to bigger requests approved. Works best when:
1st request is voluntary. Later requests are similar to 1st request. |
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When Behavior determines attitudes:
Evil acts and attitudes |
We hurt those we dislike, but over time we dislike those we hurt.
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When Behavior determines attitudes:
Interracial behavior and attitudes |
Desegregation works. Bias diminished.
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When Behavior determines attitudes:
Social Movements |
Such as Heil Hitler
or Pledge. |
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Low-ball technique
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Get a commitment to request, then raise the stakes.
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Self-presentation theory
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-We worry about what others think of us (group norms).
-We want to be consistent (personal norms). Self monitoring (people who are): High-situation important behavior=attitude. Low- Situation unimportant attitude=behavior. |
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Cognitive Dissonance theory
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Cognitive Dissonance=Feelings of tension arise when one is simultaneously aware of two inconsistent cognitions.
Insufficient Justification Effect= Reduction of dissonance by internally justifying one's behavior when external justification is insufficient. |
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Revised Cognitive Dissonance theory
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Four necessary Conditions:
1. Negative consequences (such as uncomfortable feeling when attitude and behavior don't match) 2. Personal responsibility -Free choice -Foreseeable negative consequences 3. Physiological arousal (people in study who got a sedative didn't experience cognitive dissonance) 4. Attribution: arousal to behavior link. (in study when given a plecebo and told physical symptoms because of pill, C.D. didn't happen) |