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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the difference between sociology and social psychology?
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Social psychology studies the way a person think, influence with others and behave. Sociology study the human origin , the society
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What are the main areas social psychology research today?
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1. Social Thinking
2. Social Influence 3. Social Relations |
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things that influences us
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(Culture, pressures to conform, persuasion groups of people )
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social thinking
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( how we perceive ourselves and others,what we believe,judgments we make
our attitudes) ex- values= are those things that really matter to each of us |
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how do we relate to each other
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(prejudice aggression attraction and intimacy, and helping)
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Why Social Psychology is not just “Common Sense”?
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social Psych it prove facts by doing experiment or research we can reveal the outcomes and facts. Also separate reality from illusion and prediction from hindsight.
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How are behavior is shape?
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thru 1 Social influences ( ex other people,ourattitudes,personality and our biologyIntuition= 2 perception, instinct, our six sense-sometimes can deceive us.
3- Personal attitudes (ex- are inner attitudes or internal forces and dispositions) 4- biological (bio-psycho-social |
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means that when we tend to see ourselves at the center of the stage,
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spotlight effect
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( I knew it all along phenomenon) After an event, people often believe that they knew the outcome of the event before it actually happends.
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is know as the Hindsight bias
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methods that social psychology use for research?
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theory or hypothesis
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experimental research
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some factors to see its effect on another.
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correlational and experimental research
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type of research most social psychologist used ...
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a type or reasearch the look for relationships between variables.
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correlational
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an example of correlational research
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cigarrets and lungs disease
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a type of research that look for a relationships between variable
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experimental research
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how we conduct an experimental research
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an experimenter randomly assigns participants to one of two groups:!- the control group 2 the experimental group then researchers manipulate the levels of some independent variable in the experimental group and then measure the effects
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why psychologist use variable
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to determine if changes to one thing result in changes to another.
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the goal of an experimental research
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to find the cause between variables
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A variable
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is something that can be changed
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what is the control group
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The control group do not receive any treatment and serves as a baseline
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a variable that you can control and can choose to manipulate is called
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An independent variable
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How can we search for a cause and effect on an experimental research?
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by manipulating- independent valuable and dependent valuable
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the dependent variable is
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the variable that is being measured in an experiment
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If i am interested in how stress affects heart rate in humans. my independent variable would be the stress and the dependent variable would be the heart rate. You can directly manipulate stress levels in your human subjects and measure how those stress levels change heart rate.
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example of a independ variable in stress and heart rate
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example of an dependent variable the tutoring on a test score
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when we study on the effects of tutoring on test scores, the dependent variable would be the participants test scores.In a psychology experiment, researchers are looking at how changes in the independent variable cause changes in the dependent variable.
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A random assignment is .
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taking a person from the population and having that person participate.
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What is Bias?
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Telling one side of the story (viewpoint)
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a person's bias is based on
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facts, prejudice occurs without a person knowing or examining the facts
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What are the 4 potential bias (viewpoint) to evaluate a survey
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Unrepresentative sample
Order of questions Response options Wording of question |
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an opinion or feeling formed beforehand or withoug knoledge is called
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what is predjudice
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Collectivist societye
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Self efficacy vs High efficacy
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Individualism vs collectivism
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Spotlight effect
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when you think we are the center of the universe
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Internal locus of control
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External locus of control
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Self reference
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Self concept
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Self esteem
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Individualism vs collectivism
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A experimental realism
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Collectivist societye
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High efficacy
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Self efficacy
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Questionarie
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Naturalistic observation
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Mundane realisis
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Independent vs dependent
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Experimental
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Correlation
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Priming
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is when an earlier stimulus influences response to a later stimulus.
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Example of primming (watching scary movie)
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watching an scary movie alone and later without realizing we hear noises and we think it can be an intruder.
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Perceving and interpreting event
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our first impression of one another are more right than wrong. The better we know people the more accurately we can read their minds and feelings.
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Misinformation effect-
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false memory, the mind sometimes construct false memories. We cling (stick ) to our initial belief and the reason why is true even when we are wrong.
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when we hold to our beliefs even when it appears that we shouldnot or wrong.
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Belief perseverance-
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Is automatic thinking. Knowing something immedialtley without reasoning or analyzing. Just knowing something ..
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intutioins
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Automatic processing vs the controlled processing –
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Automatic processing is
when I know something and can do it without thinking that require attention//controlled processing – |
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Example of automatic thinking:
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schemas (mental comcept, how we automatic interpret the sound or word)/ emotional reaction- instantaneuous happening before
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Positive part of intuition:
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can make up smart
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Negative part of intuition:
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overconfidence
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Overconfidence phenomenon-
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when we know it all, "an arrogant person over stimate others.
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Planning fallacy-
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you plan something and it take longer that you though (procrastinator)
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Heurisitic-
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mental shortcuts
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Representative heuristic-
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Availability heuristic- example
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everytime I am in the shower the phone rings….is mental shortcut
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Counterfactual thinking
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ATRIBUTION THEORY (PAG 103)
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4 FACTORS OF FUNDAMENTALS ATTRIBUTION ERROR:
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INTERNAL DISPOSITION- THE WAY I AM
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SITUATIONAL DISPOSITION
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Overconfidence phenomenon-
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when we know it all, "an arrogant person over stimate others.
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Planning fallacy-
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you plan something and it take longer that you though (procrastinator)
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Heurisitic-
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mental shortcuts
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Representative heuristic-
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Availability heuristic- example
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everytime I am in the shower the phone rings….is mental shortcut
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Counterfactual thinking
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ATRIBUTION THEORY (PAG 103)
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4 FACTORS OF FUNDAMENTALS ATTRIBUTION ERROR:
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INTERNAL DISPOSITION- THE WAY I AM
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SITUATIONAL DISPOSITION
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