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80 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What is the difference between sociology and social psychology?
Social psychology studies the way a person think, influence with others and behave. Sociology study the human origin , the society
What are the main areas social psychology research today?
1. Social Thinking
2. Social Influence
3. Social Relations
things that influences us
(Culture, pressures to conform, persuasion groups of people )
social thinking
( how we perceive ourselves and others,what we believe,judgments we make
our attitudes) ex- values= are those things that really matter to each of us
how do we relate to each other
(prejudice aggression attraction and intimacy, and helping)
Why Social Psychology is not just “Common Sense”?
social Psych it prove facts by doing experiment or research we can reveal the outcomes and facts. Also separate reality from illusion and prediction from hindsight.
How are behavior is shape?
thru 1 Social influences ( ex other people,ourattitudes,personality and our biologyIntuition= 2 perception, instinct, our six sense-sometimes can deceive us.
3- Personal attitudes (ex- are inner attitudes or internal forces and dispositions) 4- biological (bio-psycho-social
means that when we tend to see ourselves at the center of the stage,
spotlight effect
( I knew it all along phenomenon) After an event, people often believe that they knew the outcome of the event before it actually happends.
is know as the Hindsight bias
methods that social psychology use for research?
theory or hypothesis
experimental research
some factors to see its effect on another.
correlational and experimental research
type of research most social psychologist used ...
a type or reasearch the look for relationships between variables.
correlational
an example of correlational research
cigarrets and lungs disease
a type of research that look for a relationships between variable
experimental research
how we conduct an experimental research
an experimenter randomly assigns participants to one of two groups:!- the control group 2 the experimental group then researchers manipulate the levels of some independent variable in the experimental group and then measure the effects
why psychologist use variable
to determine if changes to one thing result in changes to another.
the goal of an experimental research
to find the cause between variables
A variable
is something that can be changed
what is the control group
The control group do not receive any treatment and serves as a baseline
a variable that you can control and can choose to manipulate is called
An independent variable
How can we search for a cause and effect on an experimental research?
by manipulating- independent valuable and dependent valuable
the dependent variable is
the variable that is being measured in an experiment
If i am interested in how stress affects heart rate in humans. my independent variable would be the stress and the dependent variable would be the heart rate. You can directly manipulate stress levels in your human subjects and measure how those stress levels change heart rate.
example of a independ variable in stress and heart rate
example of an dependent variable the tutoring on a test score
when we study on the effects of tutoring on test scores, the dependent variable would be the participants test scores.In a psychology experiment, researchers are looking at how changes in the independent variable cause changes in the dependent variable.
A random assignment is .
taking a person from the population and having that person participate.
What is Bias?
Telling one side of the story (viewpoint)
a person's bias is based on
facts, prejudice occurs without a person knowing or examining the facts
What are the 4 potential bias (viewpoint) to evaluate a survey
Unrepresentative sample
Order of questions
Response options
Wording of question
an opinion or feeling formed beforehand or withoug knoledge is called
what is predjudice
Collectivist societye
-
Self efficacy vs High efficacy
-
Individualism vs collectivism
-
Spotlight effect
when you think we are the center of the universe
Internal locus of control
-
External locus of control
-
Self reference
-
Self concept
-
Self esteem
-
Individualism vs collectivism
-
A experimental realism
……
=
Collectivist societye
=
High efficacy
=
Self efficacy
=
Questionarie
=
Naturalistic observation
=
Mundane realisis
=
Independent vs dependent
=
Experimental
=
Correlation
=
Priming
is when an earlier stimulus influences response to a later stimulus.
Example of primming (watching scary movie)
watching an scary movie alone and later without realizing we hear noises and we think it can be an intruder.
Perceving and interpreting event
our first impression of one another are more right than wrong. The better we know people the more accurately we can read their minds and feelings.
Misinformation effect-
false memory, the mind sometimes construct false memories. We cling (stick ) to our initial belief and the reason why is true even when we are wrong.
when we hold to our beliefs even when it appears that we shouldnot or wrong.
Belief perseverance-
Is automatic thinking. Knowing something immedialtley without reasoning or analyzing. Just knowing something ..
intutioins
Automatic processing vs the controlled processing –
Automatic processing is
when I know something and can do it without thinking that require attention//controlled processing –
Example of automatic thinking:
schemas (mental comcept, how we automatic interpret the sound or word)/ emotional reaction- instantaneuous happening before
Positive part of intuition:
can make up smart
Negative part of intuition:
overconfidence
Overconfidence phenomenon-
when we know it all, "an arrogant person over stimate others.
Planning fallacy-
you plan something and it take longer that you though (procrastinator)
Heurisitic-
mental shortcuts
Representative heuristic-
=
Availability heuristic- example
everytime I am in the shower the phone rings….is mental shortcut
Counterfactual thinking
=
ATRIBUTION THEORY (PAG 103)
=
4 FACTORS OF FUNDAMENTALS ATTRIBUTION ERROR:
=
INTERNAL DISPOSITION- THE WAY I AM
=-
SITUATIONAL DISPOSITION
=
Overconfidence phenomenon-
when we know it all, "an arrogant person over stimate others.
Planning fallacy-
you plan something and it take longer that you though (procrastinator)
Heurisitic-
mental shortcuts
Representative heuristic-
=
Availability heuristic- example
everytime I am in the shower the phone rings….is mental shortcut
Counterfactual thinking
=
ATRIBUTION THEORY (PAG 103)
=
4 FACTORS OF FUNDAMENTALS ATTRIBUTION ERROR:
=
INTERNAL DISPOSITION- THE WAY I AM
=-
SITUATIONAL DISPOSITION
=