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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is a pro-social behavior? |
behavior that is not just focused on the own well-being, but also on other people's well-being |
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pure altruism |
solely to benefit another Does pure altruism not exist?? C. Daniel Batson: “Yes!” (empathy-altruism sequence) |
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goals of pro-social action |
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improving our well being : receiving genetic and material advances |
HAMILTON inclusive fitness - trivers - reciprocal aid |
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inclusive fitness |
HAMILTON your genes survive because of your children and because of the family members you help. so we like to help our family members because then we are more confident that our genes will survive. - protect kin |
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reciprocal aid |
robert trivers pro-social behavior is cooperative and reciprocal, so when we help others we expect help back Help as a reaction to previous help –Animals will be more inclined to help non-relatives when they live together and benefit from sharing –Employees of organizations that do a lot for their employees, will work harder for the organization |
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what encouraged person to help others to get genetic and material advances? |
-instilled belief: -expanded self or "we"(a strong belief of "we") |
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equality familiarity |
we are more likely to show pro-social behavior to people that look a lot like us. |
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social responsibility norm |
people need to help other people that need help. bystander effect is one of there factors. |
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bystander effect |
= diffusion of responsibility |
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pluralistic ignorance |
because others seem to be calm , you stay calm yourself and in this what everyone comes to the conclusion that it wont be an emergency situation. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XayD3kFxU_U |
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what social responsibility norm requires people to do. 3 ways bystanders in emergencies influence the decision to help |
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descriptive norms injunctive norms |
descriptive norms- norms what is typpicaly done injunctive norms- what is typically approved and disapproved https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t2E9d7t53Bw 2:45 |
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personal norms |
inner beliefs and values that make a person behave in a certain way. |
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labelling |
the way others look at us |
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managing self-image |
personal norms and religious codes -labeling and self-focus -deciding not to help friends or to seek their help <=? |
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mood management hypothesis |
people help others in normal situations to manage their mood(to improve it). because if you help smo, you will probably receive thanks and love back.this leads to a better feeling |
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arousal/cost-reward model |
jane piliavin people help each other to get rid of the unpleasant emotional arousal we feel when we see someone suffer who needs help. there are some conditions in which we help others: -strong emotional arousal -"we"connection between the victim and the helper -small costs and large rewards exmp:Happy studentshelpedmore thantheonesin a neutralmood, nottakingcostsandrewardsintoaccount However, studentswhowerein a sadmoodonlyhelpedwhentherewardswerehigh andthecostswerelow |
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perspective taking |
when we put ourselves in someone else's position mentally. |
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empathic concerns |
the feelings of warmth , pity and tenderness for another person |
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empathy-altruism hypothesis |
Batson people provide help when they feel empathy towards the other person, not just for self-interest, but to improve someone else's well-being. according to him pure altruism exists |
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Potlatch Ceremony |
Ritual in which a host gives guests enormous quantities of goods Like philanthropic acts by wealthy individuals in modern society, potlatch increased the status of the giver |
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bystanders as sources of |
•Help •Information •(Dis)approval (When a women who was fighting with a man called:“ I don’t even know you!”She is more likely to receive help compared to when she called:“I don’t even know why I ever married you!”(Shotland & Straw, 1976)) |
