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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Altruistic motivation
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a motive for helping purely for the sake of providing benefit to another person
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Bystander Effect
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the likelihood that an individual will intervene in an emergency goes down as the number of bystanders increases
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Cooperation
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Collaborative behavior with other people that takes into account both one's own outcomes and the outcomes of the others
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Decision Tree
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A set of five steps that must be completed before an individual will intervene in an emergency situation
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Dispositional Gratitude
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An individual differences variable reflecting the extent to which people feel thankful for receiving help from others
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Egoistic Motivation
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a motive for helping in order to obtain rewards or avoid punishment
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Empathy
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the ability to comprehend how another person is experiencing a situation
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Empathy-Altruism Hypotheses
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the idea that feelings of empathy for a person can lead to behavior that is motivated solely by wanting to help that person
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Helping
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behavior that is intended to assist another person
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Inclusive Fitness
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the principle that some social behaviors have been selected during the course of evolution because they increase the survival of our genes
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Interpersonal Reactivity Index
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a measure reflecting the extent to which people feel empathy in response to others' experiences
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Just World Theory
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a model proposing that humans need to believe that the world is a fair place where people generally get what they deserve
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Norm of Social Responsibility
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the rule of guideline that we should help those who need help, if possible
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Payoff Matrix
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a table representing the outcomes for each player in a prisoner's dilemma game based on the player's combined choices
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Personal Norms
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guidelines that have been internalized to become expectations for oneself in particular situations
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Prisoner's Dilemma Game
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a simulated social dilemma that requires participants to make choices between acting selfishly and cooperatively when selfishness looks better initially but can damage long-term joint outcomes of the players
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Prosocial Behavior
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any action that provides benefit to others
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Social Dilemma
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a situation in which selfish choices produce better immediate outcomes for the individual than do cooperative choices but long-term outcomes for everyone will suffer if everyone behaves selfishly
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Social Support Network
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people who can be called upon for help and who will provide help when needed, such as family, friends, and neighbors
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Social Value Orientation
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A disposition that reflects individual differences in cooperativeness in social dilemmas' three orientations are typically distinguished' individualists, competitors and pro socials
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Tragedy of the Commons
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the depletion of a communal resource, such as a shared cow pasture for a group of farmers, because each individual pursues selfish interests
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Volunteerism
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unpaid helping behavior that is given willingly to a worthwhile cause or organization
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