Social Psychology 3

Front 1

automatic thinking

Back 1

Thinking that is non conscious, unintentional, nonvoluntary, and effortless.

Front 2

schemas

Back 2

Mental structures people use to organize their knowledge about the social world around themes or subjects and that influence the information people notice, think about, and remember.

Front 3

accessibility

Back 3

The extent to which schemas and concepts are at the forefront of people's minds and are therefore likely to be used when making judgements about the social world.

Front 4

priming

Back 4

The process by which recent experiences increase the accessibility of a schema, trait, or concept.

Front 5

self-fulfilling prophecy

Back 5

The case whereby people have an expectation about what another person is like, which influences how they act toward that person, which, in turn, causes that person to behave consistently with their original expectations.

Front 6

judgemental heuristics

Back 6

Mental shortcuts people use to make judgements quickly and efficiently.

Front 7

availability heuristic

Back 7

A mental shortcut whereby people base a judgement on the ease with which they can bring something to mind.

Front 8

representative heuristic

Back 8

A mental shortcut whereby people classify something according to how similar it is to a typical case.

Front 9

base rate information

Back 9

Information about the frequency of members of different categories in the population.

Front 10

controlled thinking

Back 10

Thinking that is conscious, intentional, voluntary, and effortful.

Front 11

counterfactual thinking

Back 11

Mentally changing some aspect of the past as a way of imagining what might have been.

Front 12

thought suppression

Back 12

The attempt to avoid thinking about something a person would prefer to forget.

Front 13

overconfidence barrier

Back 13

The barrier that results when people have too much confidence in the accuracy of their judgements; people's judgements are usually not as correct as they think they are.

Front 14

analytic thinking style

Back 14

A type of thinking in which people focus on the properties of objects without considering their surrounding context; this type of thinking is common in Western cultures.

Front 15

holistic thinking style

Back 15

A type of thinking in which people focus on the overall context; particularly the ways in which objects relate to one another; this type of thinking is common in East Asian cultures.