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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the definition social psych?
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scientific study of how individuals think, feel, behave in social context.
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how does it differ from personality psych?
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personality focuses of people that remain stable across situations and social focuses on how the context influences people regardless of the situation.
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how does social psych differ from clinical?
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clinical focuses on understanding and treating people with psych disorders & social examines typical ways people think, feel and behave.
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how does social psych differ from sociology?
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sociology is a group level of analysis while social psych is individual.
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what is the importance of the scientific method in social psych?
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uses theories to make predictions.
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what is a theory?
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a set of principles used to explain a phenomenon.
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Effects of WW2 in social psych?
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Hitler's power and WW2 led to questions about violence, prejudice and conformity.
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Effects of social cognition in social psych?
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focus on automatic vs. controlled process. stereotypes may be activated automatically but can be controlled under some conditions.
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Effects of evolution in social psych?
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natural selection and our ancestors may of had something to do with the way that we act today
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effects of culture on social psych?
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systems of meaning, belief, values and practices.
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effects of technology in social psych?
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new research methods (virtual reality and internet)
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what is construct validity?
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whether the operational definition actually assess the concept of interest.
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what is measurement of variables?
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can be measured through self-reports, observations and technology
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what is a bogus pipeline?
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participants are led to believe that their responses will be verified through a lie detector so they tend to self-report more accurately.
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what is random sampling?
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everyone in the population has an equal chance of being selected into the sample.
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what is random assignment?
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each participant has equal chance of being in any condition/group in the study.
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what are experimental methods?
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manipulate variables in attempt to examine cause-effect.
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what is the independent variable?
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the part that is being manipulated
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what is the dependent variable?
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observed to determine the impact of the IV
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what is self-concept?
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beliefs that we have about ourselves
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what are self-schemas?
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beliefs about oneself that lead to self-concept
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what is facial feedback?
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changes in facial expression can trigger changes in emotion.
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social comparison theory?
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we evaluate ourselves through comparisons
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how do individualists define themselves?
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by their traits
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how do collectivists define themselves?
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in relation to others
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what is self-esteem?
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negative and positive evaluations of ourselves
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Halloween study on self-awareness
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a bowl of candy was left outside unattended with a note saying "take only on peice." 34% took more than one piece, but if their was a mirror next to the bowl, then only 12% took more than one piece.
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Baumeisters research on self-control
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had a bowl of chocolate and a bowl of raddishes. less able to work on a difficult task if used self-control earlier.
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what is self-serving cognition's?
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ways in which we boost our esteem
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what is self-handicapping?
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come up with an excuse in anticipation of failure
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what is BIRGing?
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bask in reflected glory.....show off connections to successful others
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how good are we at detecting deception?
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better if we take both body language and facial expressions into account...but about 50/50
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what was Kelly Covariation's theory?
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attribute behavior to internal (person) or external (situation) based on 3 question....consensus, distinctiveness and consistency
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what is an attribution?
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explanation about a behavior
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what is the Jones Corespondent inference theory?
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infer from action whether it corresponds to personality
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what is a heuristic?
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mental shortcuts we use to quickly make judgements.
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what is the availability heuristic?
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estimate the odds of some event by how quickly it comes to mind.
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What is the FAE?
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when judging others behavior, we overestimate influence of internal factors and underestimate situational factors
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what are stereotypes?
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beliefs that link groups with certain traits (negative or positive)
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what is prejudice?
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negative feelings about others because of their connection to a social group
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what is discrimination?
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negative behaviors directed at someone because of their group
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what component is discrimination?
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behavior
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what component is prejudice?
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affective
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what component is stereotypes?
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cognitive
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what is implicit racism?
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unintentional racism
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what is modern racism?
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subtle form of prejudice that surfaces when people feel it is socially acceptable
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how do you measure racism?
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IAT tests, self-report
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what is ambivalent sexism?
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mixture of positive/negative feelings
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what is benevolent sexism?
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affectionate but demeaning feelings about women based on the feeling that they need protection
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hostile sexism?
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negative feelings about women
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Claude steele's research on stereotypes
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face negative stereotype and fear you will be evaluated based on that
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stereotype threat?
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targets may perceive discrimination and react
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what are self-fulfilling prophecies?
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occurs when a perceivers false expectations about a person cause the person to behave in ways that confirm those expectations
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what is the central route to persuasion?
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focus on argument
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what is peripheral route to persuasion?
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focus on emotion or other cues besides the argument
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what is the inoculation effect?
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expose people to weak attacks on an attitude, which will later mean more resistance when hit with a stronger argument
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What are the 3 types of social influence?
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conformity, compliance and obedience
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informational purposes for why people conform?
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because they want to make correct judgments and they assume that when others agree on something, they must be right.
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informational purposes for why people conform?
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because they want to make correct judgments and they assume that when others agree on something, they must be right.
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normative purposes for why people conform?
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leads people to conform because they fear the consequences of appearing deviant.
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what is social facilitation?
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audiences help performance on easy tasks but hurt performance on hard tasks
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what is deindiviuation?
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indicates that our behavior may differ when were part of a group
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what is process loss?
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reduced group performance on cognitive tasks opposed to working alone.
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what is group polarization?
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group discussion strengthens members initial attitude
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