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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Affective Forecasting |
Our attempts to predict how future events will make us feel |
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Self |
Our sense of personal identity and of who we are as individuals |
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Self-Concept |
The thoughts that we hold about ourselves A knowledge representation that contains knowledge about us, including our beliefs about our personality traits, physical characteristics, abilities, values, goals, and roles, as well as the knowledge that we exist as individuals |
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Self-Awareness |
The extent to which we are currently fixing our attention on our own self-concept |
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Self-Esteem |
The positive or negative feelings that we have about ourselves |
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Self-Schemas |
A variety of different cognitive aspects of the self |
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Self-Referance Effect |
Information that is processed in the relationship to the self is particularly well remembered |
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Twenty Statements Test (TST) |
Self-report measure which can reveal a lot about a person because it is designed to measure the most accessible parts of a person's self concept |
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Physical Characteristics |
an important component of the self-concept |
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Personality Traits |
The specific and stable personality characteristics that describe an individual |
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Social Identity |
The sense of our self that involves our memberships in social groups |
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Self-Complexity |
The extent to which individuals have many different and relatively independent ways of thinking about themselves |
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Self-concept Clarity |
The extent to which one's self-concept is clearly and consistently defined |
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Self-Awareness |
Extent to which we are currently fixing our attention on our own self-concept. |
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Self-consciousness |
When our self-concept becomes highly inaccesible because of our concerns about being observed and potentially judged by others |
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Deindividuation |
The loss of individual self-awareness and individual accountability in groups |
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Rioting |
Occurs when civilians engage in violent public disturbances |
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Gustav Le Bon |
The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind |
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The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind |
the transformation of the individual in the crowd |
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Private self-consciousness |
the tendency to introspect about our inner thoughts and feelings |
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Public self-consciousness |
The tendency to focus on our outer public image and to be particularly aware of the extent to which we are meeting the standards set by others |
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Self-awareness theory |
When we focus our attention on ourselves, we tend to compare our behavior against our internal standards |
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Self-disrepancy theory |
When we perceive a discrepancy between our actual and ideal selves, this is distressing to us |
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Cognitive dissonance |
The discomfort that occurs when we respond in ways that we see as inconsistent |
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Self-affirmation theory |
People will try to reduce the threat to their self-concept posed by the feelings of self-discrepancy by focusing on and affirming their worth in another domain, unrelated to the issue at hand |
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Narcissism |
Personality trait characterized by overly high self-esteem, self- admiration, and self-centeredness |
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Self-verification theory |
People often seek confirmation of their self-concept, whether it is positive or negative |
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Looking-glass self |
Part of how we see ourselves comes from our perception of how others see us |
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Labeling bias |
When we are labeled, and others' views and expectations of us are affected by that labeling |
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Self-labeling |
When we adopt others' labels explicitly into our self-concept |
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Internalized Prejudice |
When individuals turn prejudice directed toward them by others onto themselves |
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Social Comparison |
When we learn about our abilities and skills, about appropriateness and validity of our opinions, and about our relative social status by comparing our own attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors with those of others |
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Downward social comparison |
When we attempt to create a positive image of ourselves through favorable comparisons with others who are worse off than we are |
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Upward social comparison |
When we compare ourselves with others who are better off than we are |
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Social Identity Theory |
We draw part of our sense of identity and self-esteem from the social groups that we belong to |
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Basking in the reflected glory |
When we use and advertise our ingroupd' positice achievements to boost our self-esteem |
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Self-evaluation maintenance theory |
Our self-esteem can be threatened when someone else outperforms us, particularly if that person is close to us and the performance domain is central to our self-concepts |
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Self-presentation |
The tendency to present a positive self-image to others, with the goal of increasing our social status |
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Five Self-Presentation Strategies |
Goal of Ingratiation Goal of Intimidation Goal of Exemplication Goal of Supplication Goal of Self-Promotion |
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Goal of Ingratiation |
To create liking by using flattery or charm |
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Goal of Intimidation |
To create fear by showing that you can be aggressive |
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Goal of Exemplication |
To create guilt by showing that you are a better person than the other |
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Goal of Supplication |
To create pity by indicating to others that you are helpless and needy |
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Goal of Self-Promotion |
To create respect by persuading others that you are competent |
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Reputation Management |
Form of long-term self-presentation, where individuals seek to build and sustain specific reputatiobs with important audiences |
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Self-monitoring |
The tendency to be both motivated and capable of regualting our behavior to meet the demands of social situations |
