Social Psych Ch. 5

Front 1

group

Back 1

two or more persons perceived as related because of their interactions

Front 2

stereotype

Back 2

a belief that associates a group of people with certain traits

Front 3

prejudice

Back 3

negative feelings toward persons based on their membership in certain groups

Front 4

discrimination

Back 4

negative behavior directed against persons because of their membership in a particular group

Front 5

social categorization

Back 5

the classification of persons into groups on the basis of common attributes

Front 6

ingroups

Back 6

groups with which an individual feels a sense of membership, belonging, and identity

Front 7

outgroups

Back 7

groups with which an individual does not feel a sense of membership, belonging, or identity

Front 8

outgroup homogeniety effect

Back 8

the tendency to assume that there is greater similarity among members of outgroups than among members of ingroups

Front 9

entity theorists

Back 9

people who tend to see social groups as relatively fixed, static entities and the borders between groups as relatively clear and rigid

Front 10

incremental theorists

Back 10

people who tend to see social groups as relatively dynamic and changable, with less consistency within groups and more malleability between groups

Front 11

illusory correlation

Back 11

an overestimate of the association between variables that are only slightly or not at all correlated

Front 12

contrast effect

Back 12

a tendency to perceive stimuli that differ from expectations as being even more different than they really are

Front 13

subliminal presentation

Back 13

a method of presenting stimuli so faintly or rapidly that people do not have any conscious awareness of having been expsed to them

Front 14

superordinate goals

Back 14

shared goals that can be achieved only through cooperation among individuals or groups

Front 15

realistic conflict theory

Back 15

the theory that hostility between groups is caused by direct competition for limited resources

Front 16

relative conflict theory

Back 16

the theory that hostility between groups is caused by direct competition for limited resources

Front 17

relative deprivation

Back 17

feelings of discontent aroused by the belief that one fares poorly compared with others

Front 18

ingroup favoritism

Back 18

the tendency to discriminate in favor of ingroups over outgroups

Front 19

social identity theory

Back 19

the theory that people favor ingroups over outgroups in order to enhance their self-esteem

Front 20

social dominance orientation

Back 20

a desire to see one's ingroups as dominant over other groups and a willingness to adopt cultural values that facilitate oppression over other groups

Front 21

sexism

Back 21

prejudice and discrimination based on a person's gender

Front 22

social role theory

Back 22

the theory that small gender differences are magnified in perception by the contrasting social roles occupied by men and women

Front 23

ambivalent sexism

Back 23

a form of sexism characterized by attitudes about women that reflect both negative, resentful beliefs and feelings and affectionate chivalrous, but potentially patronizing beliefs and feelings

Front 24

racism

Back 24

prejudice and discrimination based on a person's racial background

Front 25

modern racism

Back 25

a form of prejudice that surfaces in subtle ways when it is safe, socially acceptable, and easy to rationalize

Front 26

contact hypothesis

Back 26

the theory that direct contact between hostile groups will reduce prejudice under certain conditions

Front 27

jigsaw classroom

Back 27

a cooperative learning experience method used to reduce racial prejudice through interaction in group efforts