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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Critical Constructionism
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Critical Constructionism combines social constructionism with conflict theory.
-The way problems are constructed reflect the interests of those in power and not objective reality. |
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Libertarian
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-Highest Value: freedom
-Conservative on economic issues, liberal on social issues -"Social Darwinism"= Survival of the fittest Critics Charge- Libertarians are cold blooded |
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Conservative
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-Culturally and historically relative
-American Conservativism: believe human nature is faulty and no perfect system can be devised. - Believe in a higher moral order -Gov't should control people -Gov't should NOT control institutions-businesses, family, education Critics Charge: selfish |
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Social Democrat
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-Social policy can bring out the best in people
-Gov't must play a primary role in promoting justice and equality -Stevenson= "A hungry man is not a free man" -Gov't should also combat excesses in business Critics charge: Envious or Naive |
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Social Problem Definition
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The activities of a group claiming to have some grievance about society
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Stage 1: Agitation
"Transforming private troubles into public issues" |
Involves:
Claims Power- need power to get your message across Strategy- "How will you do this?" Competition |
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Stage 2: Legitimation and Cooptation
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Legitimitation->Official Recognition->Power
Cooptation- original group absorbed or phased out |
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Stage 3: Bureaucratization
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-Problem could be low on the priority list
-Goal Displacement -Containment vs. Successfully addressing problems |
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Stage 4: Remergence
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Conclusion:
Social Problems are: 1. cyclical- rarely successfully addressed 2. political- political power |
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Economics Definition
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Institutionalized system for producing goods and services
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Capitalism vs. Socialism
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Capitalism: means of producing and distributing are privately owned
-Deliberate pursuit of personal profit -Free market *min. gov't regulations) |
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Adam Smith (Capitalism)
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"the invisible hand"
-best possible products/services at lowest possible prices -most efficient means of production and distribution |
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U.S. is not entirely capitalist because
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Gov't has laws against government take over (Monopoly)
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Socialism vs. Capitalism
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Socialism: army, rent, medicare, medicade, social security
-capitalism runs on greed and produces waste -production should serve social goals |
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Democratic Socialism
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Practiced throughout most of the world
Right between Socialism and Capitalism |
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Communism
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"Utopia"
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Citizens United
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Corporations are viewed as individual people, they finance however much they want
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Planned Obsolescence
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Making products that will die eventually so you'll have to buy new ones.
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The Division of Labor
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Agricultural Revolution -> Cities=everyone doesn't have to grown food, live a non-nomadic life.
Industrial Revolution- Pople became more specialized, work becomes more routine |
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The Great Dichotomy: Rural
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Gemeinshaft (Community)
Mechanical: -similar backgrounds -similar religions -similar outlooks |
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The Great Dichotomy: Urban
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Gaselleshaft (association)
Organic Solidarity -different backgrounds -different jobs -society is always changing -come together as one organic whole |
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Anomie
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Social Problems- held together by differences
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Marx
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Difference between worker's value and worker's wage= Profit
(Exploitation: wage salary) |
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Capitalism Requires:
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-Unemployement
>keeps wages down and profits up >cut umemployement insurance >cut assitance to the poor >instill discipline in workers >forces workers into the market |
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Problems Associated With Work?
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Alienation= "out of control" or "feeling out of control"
-Job Dissatisfaction (subjective definition) |
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Underemployment Definition
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1. Working beneath skill level
2. Full time for poverty wages 3.working part-time with desire of full-time employment. |
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What is social stratification?
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When some catergories of people have more access to society's resources than others.
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Types of Stratification Systems:
Caste |
Caste: ascribed-based on birth
-closed-born into a caste, stay in -endogamous- can't marry up or down |
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Types of Stratification Systems:
Class |
-achieved-behavior, effort
-opened- can move up and down -exogamous- can marry up or down |
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Jobs disappearing why?
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Automation
Export of Labor (Outsourcing) Ladder from lower class to middle class has disappeared |
