Social Personality Development Midterm 1

Front 1

True or False:

A majority of parents support having sex education in schools.

Back 1

True

Front 2

A national survey of men and women age 60 and older defined "sexually active" as performing ________ at least once per month.

Back 2

vaginal intercourse, anal intercourse, oral sex OR masturbation

read: all choices

Front 3

According to the National Health and Social Life Survey, ________ of the married subjects reported that during the past year they had been monogamous.

none/few/some/most?

Back 3

most

Front 4

According to the National Health and Social Life Survey the most common reason reported for first intercourse was:

Back 4

curiosity/readiness for sex reported by MEN

Front 5

According to research, the impact of extramarital sex on the primary couple:

a. may be positive, motivating a couple to deal with their problems.

b. is negative, often resulting in the dissolution of the marriage.

c. is difficult to determine; it may involve all of these.

d. is usually traumatic, often resulting in severe guilt and betrayal of trust.

Back 5

c. is difficult to determine; it may involve all of these.

Front 6

True or False: According to survey data, the majority of married couples in the United States remain sexually monogamous.

Back 6

True

Front 7

At what rate do adolescents experience condom failure rate?

Back 7

more than 15%

Front 8

Aging in our society is often associated with sexlessness for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:
a. many people still equate sex with procreation.
b. there is an unspoken attitude that it is not acceptable for older people to have sexual needs.
c. there is a disproportionate focus on youth in this culture.
d. the majority of older people no longer want or enjoy sexual contact.

Back 8

d. the majority of older people no longer want or enjoy sexual contact.

Front 9

After a divorce, when do the majority of people become sexually active?

Back 9

Within a year

Front 10

Among adolescent males, the MOST frequent reason given for having their first intercourse is what?

Back 10

"curiosity" or "readiness for sex".

Front 11

All of the following are discussed as factors influencing sexual activity in later years EXCEPT:
a. physical health.
b. regularity of sexual expression.
c. sexual activity levels in early adulthood.
d. religious background.

Back 11

d. religious background.

Front 12

All of the following are given as reasons for the high divorce rate in the United States EXCEPT:
a. the reduction in the social stigma attached to divorce.
b. the liberalization of divorce laws.
c. increased economic independence of women.
d. decreasing expectations for marriage to provide sexual and emotional fulfillment.

Back 12

d. decreasing expectations for marriage to provide sexual and emotional fulfillment.

Front 13

All of the following are suggestions given by the authors to reduce teenage pregnancies EXCEPT:
a. educate males to assume (at least) some responsibility for birth control.
b. provide compulsory sex education curriculum at all grade levels.
c. emphasize abstinence from intercourse until the early twenties to minimize risk of pregnancy as well as the risk of contracting AIDS.
d. provide free or low-cost contraceptives to all adolescents who want them.
status: not answered ()

Back 13

c. emphasize abstinence from intercourse until the early twenties to minimize risk of pregnancy as well as the risk of contracting AIDS.

Front 14

Does the majority of available data suggest that cohabitation has a positive effect on subsequent marriage?

Back 14

No.

Front 15

Based on research, if a child is rarely touched and held during the first few months and years of life, how would this be MOST likely to affect his or her behavior as an adult?
a. The person would be more likely to engage in masochistic behavior.
b. The person would be more likely to want to touch and be touched than the average person.
c. The person would be more likely to engage in sadistic behavior with animals.
d. The person would be more likely to have difficulty establishing intimate relationships.

Back 15

d. The person would be more likely to have difficulty establishing intimate relationships.

Front 16

Children learn gender roles from infancy. At what point in their development do these gender roles become MOST rigid and reflective of the sexual double standard?

Back 16

during adolescence

Front 17

Compared to married counterparts, do individuals who live together tend to have more or less traditional gender role attitudes?

Back 17

Less.

Front 18

Can consistently high heart rate levels be a predictor of separation in a married couple?

Back 18

Yes.

Front 19

Despite the feelings of divorce being uncomfortable and painful, many people experience:

Back 19

a feeling of autonomy.

Front 20

Factors increasing the likelihood of extramarital sex include all BUT which one of the following?
a. out of town travel
b. higher interest in sex
c. permissive sexual attitudes
d. being at the age of midlife crisis

Back 20

d. being at the age of midlife crisis

Front 21

True or False: From a cross-cultural perspective, our culture places fewer restrictions on extramarital sex than most cultures.

Back 21

False

Front 22

Generally speaking, the lower the education level, the higher the divorce rate.
True
False

Back 22

True

Front 23

Homosocial play is common in children. What does this mean?

Back 23

That children tend to socialize and engage in sex play with same-sex peers.

Front 24

Hormones influence all of the following EXCEPT:
a. shifting of the vaginal pH from acidic to alkaline.
b. increase in cervical secretions.
c. thickening of the vaginal walls.
d. enlarging of the uterus.

Back 24

a. shifting of the vaginal pH from acidic to alkaline.

Front 25

Historically it was common to view the period between birth and puberty as a time when sexuality didn't exist.
True
False

Back 25

True

Front 26

How can we describe sexuality in infancy and childhood?

Back 26

many experiences of this time have great impact on future expression of adult sexuality.

Front 27

How has the divorce rate been in the past several years?

Back 27

In the last several years the divorce rate has leveled off and even declined slightly.

Front 28

Kyle was orphaned at the age of two years and was moved from family member to family member. He rarely received physical affection from any of his relatives. Now that Kyle is a young man, what might you expect to observe in Kyle's ability to establish intimate relationships?

Back 28

Kyle may have difficulty establishing physically intimate relationships.

Front 29

Do more males or females report having had a homosexual experience during adolescence?

Back 29

Males

Front 30

On the average, who are healthier physically and psychologically happier, married or single people?

Back 30

married

Front 31

One of the disadvantages of cohabitation is:

Back 31

c. a decreased likelihood for partners to remain monogamous.

Front 32

One survey revealed that in healthy people over 80 years old, ________ of the men and ________ of the women fantasized about sex.

Back 32

less than half; less than half

Front 33

Should parents wait until their kids ask questions to initiate conversation about sex?

Back 33

No!

Front 34

People of high socioeconomic status are more likely to attribute divorce to:

Back 34

ack of love and communication.

Front 35

What is polyamory?

Back 35

based on the assumption that one relationship is unlikely to fulfill a person's intimacy needs.

Front 36

Puberty is a term used to describe the period of rapid ________ changes in early adolescence.

Back 36

physical (JUST physical!)

Front 37

Recent studies indicate that the incidence of oral sex among teenagers has:

Back 37

increased significantly

Front 38

Recent research suggests that the sexual double standard among American adolescents may be on the increase.
True
False

Back 38

False

Front 39

Research indicates that adolescents who talk openly with their parents regarding sex and contraception are ________ than adolescents who do not talk to their parents.

Back 39

more likely to use birth control consistently

Front 40

Should self-discovery and homosocial peer interaction be limited during childhood?

Back 40

No!

Front 41

Sex therapists would be MOST likely to disagree with what statement regarding adolescent masturbation?

Back 41

It may inhibit eventual sexual expression with a partner, because of the self-focused nature of the behavior.

Front 42

Has the adolescent birth rate risen or fallen between 1991 and 2000?

Back 42

Fallen

Front 43

What are the earliest signs of puberty for a girl?

Back 43

breast budding and growth of pubic hair

Front 44

The majority of older gay men:
a. indicate that they experience more sexual variety than ever before.
b. are sexually active with younger men.
c. indicate that their current sex lives are satisfying.
d. report that sex is more frequent than when they were younger.

Back 44

c. indicate that their current sex lives are satisfying.

Front 45

The media typically portrays older women as either ________ or ________, but rarely as sexual.

Back 45

vindictive; manipulative

Front 46

Which of the following statements regarding socioeconomic factors and aging is TRUE?
a. There are social class differences for women but not for men.
b. There are social class differences for men but not for women.
c. Middle class older adults are more likely to include options beyond intercourse than those in lower socioeconomic groups.
d. Middle class older adults are more likely to avoid oral stimulation than those in lower socioeconomic groups.

Back 46

c. Middle class older adults are more likely to include options beyond intercourse than those in lower socioeconomic groups.

Front 47

Which of the following statements regarding sexuality and aging is FALSE?
a. Married women 50 and older have sexual satisfaction most closely related to overall marital satisfaction.
b. For older adults genital contact may become less frequent, but non-intercourse activities remain stable or increase.
c. Lower socioeconomic men are likely to stop all sexual activity when they become older and unable to have intercourse.
d. The older generation rarely uses such things as vibrators, or sexually explicit materials.

Back 47

d. The older generation rarely uses such things as vibrators, or sexually explicit materials.

Front 48

Which of the following statements regarding sex education in schools is MOST accurate?
a. Research indicates that sex education promotes sexual experimentation.
b. Only a minority of American schools offer comprehensive sex education courses.
c. The majority of parents do not support the idea of sex education in schools.
d. Research indicates that sex education promotes sexual restraint.

Back 48

b. Only a minority of American schools offer comprehensive sex education courses.

Front 49

Which of the following statements regarding postmarital adjustment to widowhood is FALSE?
a. Widowed people do not usually feel that they have failed at marriage in the way that many divorced people do.
b. Widowed people may experience more intense grief than divorced people.
c. Over half of widowed men and women remarry.
d. More divorced women than widows remarry.

Back 49

d. More divorced women than widows remarry.

Front 50

Which of the following statements regarding masturbation during adolescence is TRUE?
a. It increases in frequency in both sexes, and approximately the same number of boys and girls engage in it.
b. Available research is dated so there is no current information at this time.
c. It increases in frequency in both sexes, but more girls engage in it than boys.
d. It increases in frequency in both sexes, but more boys engage in it than girls.

Back 50

d. It increases in frequency in both sexes, but more boys engage in it than girls.

Front 51

Which of the following statements regarding homosexual relationships in later life is FALSE?
a. Challenges and rewards of aging are experienced only by heterosexual adults.
b. Socializing and partnering with same-age peers is an important aspect for older gay men.
c. Older gays and lesbians match or exceed comparable groups in life satisfaction.
d. Frequency of sexual activity of gay men remains quite stable.

Back 51

a. Challenges and rewards of aging are experienced only by heterosexual adults.

Front 52

Which of the following statements regarding extramarital affairs is MOST accurate?
a. Monogamous couples have similar divorce rates as compared to couples in which one or both partners have participated in extramarital affairs.
b. Extramarital affairs are most always symptoms of a troubled marital relationship.
c. Extramarital affairs are the major cause of divorce.
d. The impact of extramarital affairs on both the individual and the couple varies considerably.

Back 52

d. The impact of extramarital affairs on both the individual and the couple varies considerably.

Front 53

Which of the following statements regarding contraceptive use among teenagers is TRUE?
a. While contraceptive use is generally available, the majority do not use contraceptives when they have intercourse.
b. Teenagers in established relationships tend not to use contraceptives.
c. The majority of teenagers apply the knowledge they have about effective birth control.
d. While contraceptive use is unreliable, the majority use contraceptives the first few times they have intercourse.

Back 53

a. While contraceptive use is generally available, the majority do not use contraceptives when they have intercourse.

Front 54

What statement BEST summarizes the rate of adolescent coital activity over the last five decades?

Back 54

It has increased over time, leveled off within the past decade, but has increased among very young teenagers.

Front 55

How do teens view/understand AIDS?

Back 55

Most adolescents are adequately informed about AIDS, but continue to engage in high-risk behavior because they don't believe it will affect them.

Front 56

Which of the following statements is FALSE?
a. A recent study has indicated that many girls may be starting to reach puberty by age eight.
b. Initial menstrual periods may be irregular.
c. Adolescent women may experience delayed menarche if they are overweight.
d. Initial menstrual periods may occur without ovulation.

Back 56

c. Adolescent women may experience delayed menarche if they are overweight.

Front 57

Which of the following is an example of a consensual extramarital relationship?
a. infidelity
b. polyandry
c. polygyny
d. swinging

Back 57

d. swinging

Front 58

Which of the following individuals would be MOST likely to get a divorce?
a. A man with a baccalaureate degree who marries at age 25.
b. A man with a postbaccalaureate degree who marries at age 35.
c. A woman with a baccalaureate degree who marries at age 25.
d. A woman with a postbaccalaureate degree who marries at age 35.

Back 58

d. A woman with a postbaccalaureate degree who marries at age 35.

Front 59

Which of the following BEST represents a secondary sex characteristic?
a. increase in height
b. underarm hair
c. external genitalia
d. gonads

Back 59

b. underarm hair

Front 60

Which of the following are characteristics of widowhood?
a. Intense grief.
b. All of these choices may be characteristics of widowhood.
c. Do not feel that they failed at marriage.
d. A feeling that potential relationships will be less intense.

Back 60

c. Do not feel that they failed at marriage.

Front 61

When Gottman's team videotaped married couples resolving conflict, they identified all of the following patterns as predictors of marital dissatisfaction and separation EXCEPT:
a. verbal expressions of anger.
b. facial expressions of disgust or fear.
c. defensiveness.
d. verbal expressions of contempt.

Back 61

a. verbal expressions of anger.

cause anger = healthy?

Front 62

The ratio of widows to widowers increased dramatically until the middle of this century, and has been slowly declining since then.
True
False

Back 62

False

Front 63

The rhythmic manipulation of the genitals associated with adult masturbation generally does not occur until:

Back 63

2-3 years

Front 64

What effect has the Internet had on extramarital relationships?

Back 64

While the internet makes it easy to find people for extramarital relationships, it also makes it easy for the spouse to find out about them.

Front 65

Tony and Tina are 13-year-old twins. They are both starting to grow hair under their arms, Tina is developing breast buds, and Tony's voice cracks on occasion. These are all examples of

Back 65

Secondary sex characteristics

Front 66

Psychologists emphasize the importance of being touched and held in early childhood. This is commonly referred to as

Back 66

contact comfort

Front 67

Menarche may be delayed by

Back 67

ethnic background (AA, hispanic, white)

Front 68

Homosexual adolescents are more likely to have unusually high incidences of depression, substance abuse and suicide attempts. Which of the following offers the MOST likely explanation for this?

Back 68

-the process of reconciling their sexuality with the expectations of their peers and parents

Front 69

Research indicates that most children begin asking questions regarding how babies are made by about age

Back 69

4

Front 70

Laurie and Andy live together as lovers in a committed relationship but are not married. This type of relationship is referred to as

Back 70

domestic partnership

Front 71

Given research on cohabitation, what will MOST likely happen to Susheela and Raj, who have been living together for the past 14 months?

Back 71

-split up

-less happy

-cheating

Front 72

Miscegenation refers to:

Back 72

sex between members of different races.

Front 73

Gottman's research team has found that lasting and happy marriages are characterized by a ____ to ____ ratio of positive to negative emotional interactions.

Back 73

5 to 1

Front 74

Which of the following BEST summarizes current U.S. attitudes toward same-sex marriage?

Back 74

-supported by about 1/3 of general population

-43% of voters under 30

-increasing

Front 75

Which of the following BEST summarizes men's and women's perceptions regarding the cause of their divorces?

Back 75

-both?

-women more likely to say husband's behaviour

-men more likely to say they didn't know!