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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Aborigines
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Early farming people in America
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Solutreans
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Ancient Europeans?
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Mongoloids
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12000 B.P from Asia to America across land bridge. Native American ancestors
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How did natives in America organize themselves?
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Often formed culture according to area, despite genetic relations. Location affected lifestyle and language most
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What did Natives in America live off of? How did this affect lifestyle?
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Hunted megafauna (mammoths?) some were farmers. Nomadic or semi-nomadic.
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What were the largest Central American indigenous groups
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Olmecs/Mayans/Aztecs
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How did these cultures develop? What did they develop in terms of culture and technology?
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Developed in isolation, developed language, record keeping, art, religion, communication systems, infrastructure such as roads.
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Olmec
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Language, calendar (bar and dot) fade by 2400 B.P Created great stone sculptures
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History of Mayans
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Emerge 3000 B.P, peaked 200-800 A.D, more than 14 million population estimated, influence collapsed after 850 A.D
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Mayan Significance/Culture
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Developed accurate calendar, mathematics and built large religious centers.
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History of Aztecs
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Emerged 1200 A.D peaked 1500 A.D, Imperial population 20 million, Conquered by Spanish in 1519 A.D
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Aztec Significance/Culture
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Well organized hierarchially, annexed many tribes, very militaristic, great similarity between contemporary and ancient knowledge (math, language)
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Largest Andes Groups
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Nazca/Moche/Inca
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Nazca Significance
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Emerged South Peru 2000 B.P, 200-700 A.D created huge ground drawing geoglyphs
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Moche Significance
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Made great architecture, body art and metal work
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History of Inca
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Emerged 1200 A.D, developed in established nations, 1500 A.D population reached 13 million, Empire stretched 3200Km across the coast, Spanish invaded 1532, 10 years Inca destroyed
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What were the Incan know for in terms of infrastructure?
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Great architects, built terraced fields to maximize arable land/water use, built roads, bridges, canals and channels. Still standing some today. Engineers use many similar techniques today to Incans
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How were the Inca organized socially?
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Hierarchal system not unlike monarchal feudalism, lacked writing so used art and complex method of knotted strings to record
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What was the Silk Road?
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A defined passage of roads and other routes utilized by traders between Europe and Asia.
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What did the Silk Road create between cultures?
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Created relations between different cultures in order to utilize road for economic gain. Led to sharing of ideas, language, culture, etc.
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The Silk Road developed mercantilism, what is this?
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European nations saw Arab nations becoming rich due to location on Silk Road, implemented system of government sponsored or owned companies which extracted resources cheaply from areas either through trade or colonialism. These resources were then refined in European countries and sold at a much higher price, making European governments wealthy
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What was contentious about the Crusades and its religion vs. economic reasons?
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Crusades occured in Holy Land, which was also an area of great strategic advantage in terms of trade
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What is Imperialism?
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Imperialism is a process in which political and economic domination occurs in an area foreign to the nation which dominated it.
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What stems directly from Imperialism?
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Colonization, movement of people into an area to dominate it culturally and establish an economic base.
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What effets did imperialism create in controlled nations?
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Dominant society usually segregated and oppressed those nations which they conquered, considering the natives sub-human, leading to slavery, exploitation, etc.
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