Soc Final

Front 1

Using rules, efficiency, and practical results to determine human affairs

Back 1

Rationality

Front 2

The idea that the past is the best guide for the present

Back 2

Traditional Orientation

Front 3

A widespread acceptance of rationality and social organizations that are built largely around this idea

Back 3

The rationalization of society

Front 4

An economic system characterized by the private ownership of the means of production, the pursuit of profit, and market competition

Back 4

Capitalism

Front 5

A secondary group designed achieve explicit objectives

Back 5

Formal Organization

Front 6

A formal organization with a hierarchy of authority and a clear division of labor

Back 6

Bureaucracy

Front 7

The process by which ordinary aspects of life become rationalized and efficiency comes to rule them, including such things as food preparation

Back 7

The McDonaldization of Society

Front 8

Marx's term for workers' lack of connection with the product of their labor

Back 8

Alienation

Front 9

A tounge-in-cheek observation that the members of an organization are promoted for their accomplishments until they reach their level of incompetence

Back 9

Peter Principle

Front 10

The adoption of new goals by an organization

Back 10

Goal Displacement

Front 11

Groups made up of volunteers who organize on the basis of some mutual interest

Back 11

Voluntary Association

Front 12

A system in which many are ruled by a few

Back 12

Oligarchy

Front 13

The orientations that characterize corporate work settings

Back 13

Corporate Culture

Front 14

Robert Merton's term for an originally false assertion that becomes true simply because it was predicted

Back 14

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Front 15

Organizing a workplace in such a way that it develops rather than impedes human potential

Back 15

Humanizing a work setting

Front 16

Analysis of social life that focuses on broad features of society, such as social class and the relationships of groups to one another

Back 16

Macrosociology

Front 17

Analysis of social life that focuses on social interaction

Back 17

Microsociology

Front 18

People's interaction with one another

Back 18

Social Interaction

Front 19

The frame work that surrounds us, consisting of the relationships of people and groups to one another, which gives direction to and sets limits on behavior

Back 19

Social Structure

Front 20

A large group of people who rank close to one another in wealth

Back 20

Social Class

Front 21

The position that someone occupies in society or in a social group

Back 21

Status

Front 22

All the statuses or positions that an individual occupies

Back 22

Status Set

Front 23

Positions an individual either inherits at birth or receives involuntarily later in life

Back 23

Ascribed Status

Front 24

Positions that are earned, accomplished, or involve at least some sort of effort or activity on the individuals part

Back 24

Achieved Status

Front 25

Items used to identify a status

Back 25

Status symbols

Front 26

A status that cuts across the other statuses that an individual occupies

Back 26

Master Status

Front 27

Ranking high on some dimensions of social class and low on others

Back 27

Status Inconsistency

Front 28

The behaviors, obligations, and privileges attached to a status

Back 28

Role

Front 29

People who have something in common and who believe that what they have in common is significant

Back 29

Group

Front 30

The organized, usual, or standard ways by which society meets its basic needs

Back 30

Social Institution

Front 31

The major tasks that a society must fulfill if it is to survive

Back 31

Functional Requisites

Front 32

The degree to which members of a group or society feel united by shared values and other social bonds

Back 32

Social Integration

Front 33

The unity that people feel as a result of performing the same or similar tasks

Back 33

Mechanical Solidarity

Front 34

The splitting of a group's or a society's tasks into specialties

Back 34

Division of labor

Front 35

The interdependence that results from the division of labor

Back 35

Organ Solidarity

Front 36

A type of society in which life is intimate

Back 36

Gemeinschaft

Front 37

A type of society that is dominated by impersonal relationships, individual accomplishments, and self interest

Back 37

Gesellschaft

Front 38

Using one's social networks for some gain

Back 38

Networking

Front 39

The ways in which individuals affect groups and the ways in which groups influence individuals

Back 39

Group Dynamics

Front 40

A group small enough for everyone to interact directly with all other members

Back 40

Small group

Front 41

The smallest possible group, consisting of 2 people

Back 41

Dyad

Front 42

A group of 3 people

Back 42

Triad

Front 43

The alignment of some members of the group against others

Back 43

Coalition

Front 44

Someone who influences other people

Back 44

Leader

Front 45

An individual who tried to keep the group moving towards its goals

Back 45

Instrumental Leader

Front 46

An individual who increases harmony and minimizes conflict in a group

Back 46

Expressive Leader

Front 47

Ways in which people express their leadership

Back 47

Leadership Styles

Front 48

An individual who leads by giving orders

Back 48

Authoritarian Leader

Front 49

An individual who leads by trying to reach a consensus

Back 49

Democratic Leader

Front 50

An individual who leads by being highly permissive

Back 50

Laissez-faire leader

Front 51

A narrowing of thought by a group of people, leading to the perception that there is only one correct answer, in which to even suggest alternatives becomes a sign of disloyalty

Back 51

Groupthink

Front 52

Another term for postindustrial society

Back 52

Postmodern Society