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17 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
appetite is correlated with
sexuality

anorexia as a repression of desire?
anorexia as a miracle when?
prior to 19th century
anorexia milibilis (prior to 19th)
miraculously inspired loss of appetite. Refusing food and prolonged fasting was considered a female miracle.
female starvation in the medieval times
In the medieval period fasting was fundamental to the model of female holiness. Food rejection occupied a privilege place in women’s piety.

starving as perfection in the eyes of god before the 19th century
the gender roles of victorian women DURING the 19th century
The fragile, delicate, asexual, sick, and nervous body of Victorian women. A silenced sexuality directed to reproduction. A gender that expected virtue, modesty, purity, chastity, and domesticity.

Women supposed to be asexual to restrict desires to be a mother
love and food at the dinner table DURING the 19th century
Victorian Domestic Life: patterns of nurturance expressed family relationships and values

Dependent Adolescence parents lavished children with affection and resources. Material gift giving as an expression of parental love and social status.

Food was the favorite form of showing love: “by loading the plate and urging us to eat.”
unhappiness as food refusal during 19th century
Unhappiness as Food Refusal; Excessive Eating as Resistance: The patient with anorexia nervosa or fat body was surrounded by a family that was distressed by her refusal or by her largesse with food.

also associating excessive eating with excessive sexuality
eating discomforts in the 19th century, yo
Women wanted to distance themselves from food: food preparation, eating, and food disposal. Eating also meant that you had to urinate and defecate. Constipation was incorporated into the ideals of Victorian femininity.
eating in excess was linked to
masturbation, insanity, and nymphomania.
by the 19th century, anorexia
became a disease
medicalization and anorexia
Prolonged abstinence was linked to organic causes and regarded as illness. Food-refusing behavior had moved from the religious realm to the secular, from piety to disease through a process of medicalization.

changed to NERVOSA in the 19th century!
refusing to eat and family
An adolescent girl who refused to eat had the power to disrupt their families. She became the focus of conversation and concern; her appetite, her diet, and her body became the preoccupation in the child-centered family.

Food refusal constituted a form of intra-familial conflict between the maturing girls and her parents. Rejecting food was a strange and provocative act.

Rejecting food was viewed as a denial of filial love, it was an affront to parents.
emotional causes of disease in 19th century
Anorexia nervosa resulting from some “emotional cause” which the patient might either avow or conceal, connected to “some real or imagined marriage proposal” or to “ a violence done to some sympathy, or to some more or less conscient desire.”

Anorexia related to a broad set of frustrations that we would link with the transition to adulthood: inappropriate romantic expectations, blocked educational or social opportunities, struggles with parents.
most prevalent explanation of anorexia in the 19th century
anorexia nervosa rested on the idea that the patient refused to eat in order to attract attention, a theatrical craving for sympathy.

“Anorexia nervosa seems to arise from a morbid excess of that craving for sympathy which is common to all mankind, as is specially strong in the female sex” (Dr. Gee)
anorexia as deception
Either there was a medical explanation of the faster’s long survival without normal food or that the claim to non-eating was fraudulent. The need for male clerics and physicians to verify the authenticity of the claim. Life without food was the miracle at the heart of the story.
best treatment of anorexia girls in 19th century was
removal from the family
anorexia today!
The general public knew virtually nothing about it until the 1980s, when the popular press begun to feature stories about young women who refused to eat despite available and plentiful food.

A disease of the young, rich, and beautiful. An epidemic among white, adolescent, young, middle class women.

Symptoms: refusal to maintain normal body weight, loss of more than 25% body weight, disturbance of body image, intense fear of becoming fat, no known medical illness leading to weight loss.

Absolute increase in the amount of anorexia nervosa over the past thirty years (double the number of cases in a N Y Hospital in less than 20 years) but the illness is infrequent ( 1.6 in 100,000).

About 19 % of diagnosed cases die from the illness.