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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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achieved status
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a status attained by effort
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ascribed status
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a status determined by birth
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collective consciousness
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the body of beliefs that are common to a community or society and that give people a sense of belonging.
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cyberspace interaction
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an interaction between people through the medium of computer networks.
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division of labor
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the systematic interrelation of different tasks that develops in complex societies.
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ethnomethodology
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a technique for studying human interaction by deliberately disrupting social norms and observing how individuals attempt to restore normalcy.
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gemeinschaft
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German for community, a state characterized by a sense of fellow feeling among the members of a society, including strong personal ties, sturdy primary group memberships, and a sense of personal loyalty to one another; associated with rural life.
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gesellschaft
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German for society, a form of social organization characterized by a high division of labor, less prominence of personal ties, the lack of a sense of community among the members, and the absence of a feeling of belonging; associated with urban life.
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group
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a collection of individuals who interact and communicate, share goals and norms, and who have a subjective awareness as "we".
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impression management
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a process by which people control how others perceive them.
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master status
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some characteristic of a person that overrides all other features of the person's identity.
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macroanalysis
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analysis of large processes and structures, such as institutions.
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mechanical solidarity
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when individuals play similar roles within society.
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microanalysis
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analysis of processes and structures of social interaction, such as types of interactions or groups.
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organic solidarity
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unity based on role differentiation, not similarity.
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paralinguistic communication
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communication that is conveyed by voice pitch, loudness, rhythm, emphasis, frequency, and other such nonverbal elements.
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pre-industrial society
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one that directly uses the land as a major means of survival.
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post-industrial society
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society organized around the provision of services.
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proxemic communication
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meaning conveyed by the amount of space maintained between interacting individuals.
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role
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the expected behavior associated with a given status in society.
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role conflict
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two or more roles associated with contradictory expectations.
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role model
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a person we admire and whose behavior we imitate.
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role set
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all the roles occupied by a person at a given time.
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role strain
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conflicting expectations within the same role.
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social institution
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an established and organized system of social behavior with a recognized purpose.
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social interaction
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behavior between two or more people that is given meaning.
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social organization
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the order established in social groups.
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social structure
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the patterns of social relationships and social institutions that comprise society.
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society
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a system of social interactions that includes both culture and social organization.
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status
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an established position in a social structure that carries with it a degree of prestige.
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status inconsistency
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exists when the different statuses occupied by the individual bring with them significantly different amounts of prestige.
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status set
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the complete set of statuses occupied by a person at a given time.
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