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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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applied sociology
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the use of sociological research and theory in solving real human problems.
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capitalism
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an economic system based on the pursuit of profit and the sanctity of private property.
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conflict theory
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a theoretical perspective that emphasizes the role of power and coercion in producing social order.
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debunking
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the process of looking behind the facades of everyday life.
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diversity
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the variety of group experiences resulting from the social structure.
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dramaturgical model
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a perspective that sees society like a stage (that is, a drama) wherein social actors are "on stage," projecting and portraying social roles to others.
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empirical
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refers to something that is based on careful and systematic observation.
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Enlightenment
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the period in seventeenth- and eighteenth-century Europe characterized by faith in the ability of human reason to solve society's problems.
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functionalism
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a theoretical perspective that interprets each part of society in terms of how it contributes to the stability of the whole.
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humanitarianism
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the principle that human reason can successfully direct social change for the betterment of society.
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issues
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problems that affect large numbers of people and have their origins in the institutional arrangements and history of a society
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latent functions
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indirect, non-obvious consequences (functions) emerging from the activities of institutions.
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manifest functions
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the stated and open goals of social behavior.
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organic metaphor
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refers to the similarity early sociologists saw between society and other organic systems.
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positivism
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a system of thought in which accurate observation and description is considered the highest form of knowledge.
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postmodernism
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a theoretical perspective based on the idea that society is not an objective thing but is found in the words and images - or discourses - that people use to represent behavior and ideas.
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power
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a person or group's ability to exercise influence and control over others.
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social darwinism
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the idea that society evolves to allow the survival of the fittest
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social facts
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social patterns that are external to individuals
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social institution
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an established and organized system of social behavior with a recognized purpose.
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social structure
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the patterns of social relationships and social institutions that comprise society.
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sociological imagination
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the ability to see the societal patterns that influence individual and group life.
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sociology
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the study of human behavior in society.
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symbolic interaction theory
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a theoretical perspective claiming that people act toward things because of the meaning things have for them.
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troubles
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privately felt problems that come from events or feelings in one individual's life.
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verstehen
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the process of understanding social behavior from the point of view of those engaged in it.
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