Soc 100 Chapter 2

Front 1

High culture

Back 1

culture consumed mainly by the upper class

Front 2

popular culture

Back 2

aka mass culture. culture consumed by all classes

Front 3

culture

Back 3

the sum of practice, languages, symbols, beliefs, values, ideologies and material objects that people create to deal with real life problems. They enable people to adapt to and thrive in their environment

Front 4

Society

Back 4

People who interact, usually in a defined territory, and share a culture

Front 5

Abstraction

Back 5

the human capacity to create general ideas or ways of thinking that are not linked to particular instances

Front 6

Symbol

Back 6

Idea that carries particular meaning including the components of language, mathematical notations, and signs

Front 7

Cooperation

Back 7

The human capacity to create a complex social life

Front 8

Norms

Back 8

Generally accepted ways of doing things

Front 9

Production

Back 9

the human capacity to make and use tools that improve our ability to take what we want form nature

Front 10

Material Culture

Back 10

culture composed of the tools and objects that enable people to get tasks accomplished

Front 11

Nonmaterial culture

Back 11

culture composed of symbols, norms, and other non-tangible elements of culture

Front 12

Sanctions

Back 12

actions indicating disapproval of defiance

Front 13

social control

Back 13

in the study of social movements, social control refers to the containment of collective action by co-optation, concessions, and coercion.

Front 14

Taboo

Back 14

The strongest and most central social norm.

Front 15

Mores

Back 15

A core norm that most people believe must be upheld.

Front 16

Folkways

Back 16

A relatively unimportant norm that many people prefer to uphold.

Front 17

Ethnocentrism

Back 17

the tendency to judge other cultures exclusively by the standards of one's own culture

Front 18

Multiculturalism

Back 18

the view that the culture of americas public schools and colleges should reflect the country's ethnic and racial diversity and recognize the equality of all cultures

Front 19

Cultural Relativism

Back 19

the belief that all cultures have social value

Front 20

Rights revolution

Back 20

the process by which socially excluded groups have struggled to win equal rights in the law and in practice since the 1960s

Front 21

Rites of passage

Back 21

cultural ceremonies that mark the transition from one stage of life to another (e.g. childhood to adulthood)

Front 22

globalization

Back 22

the process by which formerly separate economies, states and cultures are being tied together and people are becoming increasingly aware of their growing interdependence.

Front 23

postmodernism

Back 23

a style of thought characterized by an eclectic mixing of cultural elements and the erosion of authority and of consensus around some core values

Front 24

rationalization

Back 24

the application of the most efficient means to achieve given goals and the unintended , negative consequence of doing so

Front 25

consumerism

Back 25

the tendency to define oneself in terms of the goods one purchases

Front 26

counter culture

Back 26

subversive subcultures. they oppose dominant values and seek to replace them.