Small Volume Injections 542 Exam 2

Front 1

Define: "Large-Volume Intravenous Solution"

Back 1

Single dose injections containing greater than 100 mL of solution that are intended for IV use. These are occasionally called Large Volume Parenterals (LVPs)

Front 2

Define: "Small-Volume Injection"

Back 2

Single dose or multidose injections containing less than 100 mL of solution

Front 3

Where is the intradermal injection area?

Back 3

It is just below the surface of the skin between the interface of the epidermis and the dermis

Front 4

When is ID usually used?

Back 4

For skin tests in which systemic absorption is undesirable and could be dangerous

Front 5

What size volume is typically found in ID injections?

Back 5

Small quantities, usually 0.1mL Typical Volume Range: 0.02 mL to 0.5 mL

Front 6

What size syringes are typically used for ID syringes and what are they called?

Back 6

1 mL Tuberculin syringes

Front 7

What is the subcutaneous injection site?

Back 7

The fatty tissue located beneath the skin between the dermis and muscle

Front 8

What volume size syringes are typically used for sub-q injections?

Back 8

1 or 3 mL

Front 9

What is the intramuscular injection site?

Back 9

In a muscle mass, usually the deltoid, gluteus maximus or vastus lateralis (top of the leg)

Front 10

What volume size syringes are typically used for IM injections?

Back 10

1 to 5 mL

Front 11

What is a Z-track?

Back 11

Used in IM injections to prevent backflow of medication into sub-q tissue

Front 12

What is the recommended muscle in children for IM injection and why?

Back 12

Vastus Lateralis. It is the largest muscle mass in children under the age of 3 and is devoid of major nerves and vessels

Front 13

Volume that can be injected into Deltoid for those age 15 and older

Back 13

1 mL

Front 14

Volume that can be injected into Gluteus Maximus for those age 15 and older

Back 14

2 to 2.5 ml

Front 15

Volume that can be injected into Ventrogluteal for those age 15 and older

Back 15

2 to 2.5 ml

Front 16

Volume that can be injected into Vastus Lateralis for those age 15 and older

Back 16

2 to 2.5 ml

Front 17

Volume that can be injected into Deltoid for those age 6 to 15

Back 17

0.5 ml

Front 18

Volume that can be injected into Gluteus Maximus for those age 6 to 15

Back 18

1.5 to 2 ml

Front 19

Volume that can be injected into Ventrogluteal for those age 6 to 15

Back 19

1.5 to 2 ml

Front 20

Volume that can be injected into Vastus Lateralis for those age 6 to 15

Back 20

1.5 to 2 ml

Front 21

Volume that can be injected into Deltoid for those age 3 to 6

Back 21

0.5 ml

Front 22

Volume that can be injected into Gluteus Maximus for those age 3 to 6

Back 22

1.5 ml

Front 23

Volume that can be injected into Ventrogluteal for those age 3 to 6

Back 23

1.5 ml

Front 24

Volume that can be injected into Vastus Lateralis for those age 3 to 6

Back 24

1.5 ml

Front 25

Volumes that can be injected into deltoid in those aged 1 1/2 to 3 years

Back 25

Not rec unless only site available - 1 mL

Front 26

Volumes that can be injected into deltoid in those aged 1 1/2 to 3 years

Back 26

Not rec unless only site available - 0.5 mL

Front 27

Volumes that can be injected into deltoid in those aged 1 1/2 to 3 years

Back 27

Not rec unless only site available - 0.5 mL

Front 28

Volumes that can be injected into deltoid in those aged 1 1/2 to 3 years

Back 28

1 ml

Front 29

Volumes that can be injected into deltoid in those aged 1 1/2 and younger

Back 29

Not Recommended

Front 30

Volumes that can be injected into deltoid in those aged 1 1/2 and younger

Back 30

Not Recommended

Front 31

Volumes that can be injected into deltoid in those aged 1 1/2 and younger

Back 31

Not Recommended

Front 32

Volumes that can be injected into deltoid in those aged 1 1/2 and younger

Back 32

0.5 to 1 ml

Front 33

When is the intravenous delivery usually used?

Back 33

Fluids, electrolytes, nutrient replacement, system drug administration

Front 34

What is the fluid limit for IV administrations?

Back 34

3 liters a day for adults; less for children

Front 35

What are the different types of IV administration?

Back 35

Continuous/Constant Infusion, Intermittent, bolus/IV push

Front 36

What are the advantages of a continuous IV?

Back 36

1) Allows fluid and drug therapy to be administered simultaneously 2) Achieves continuous blood levels 3) Minimizes vein irritation and trauma 4) Cost-saving (more efficient delivery)

Front 37

What are the disadvantages of a continuous IV?

Back 37

1) Requires greater monitoring 2) If it infiltrates, part of the dose is not administered 3) Cannot be used on fluid-restricted patients 4) Extended run times cannot be used with some unstable drugs

Front 38

Define: "Continuous IV"

Back 38

Large volume that is slowly and continuously dripped into a vein

Front 39

Define: "Intermittent IV"

Back 39

An intermediate volume (25-100 mL) give in an intermediate period of time (15-60 minutes) at spaced intervals

Front 40

What are the advantages of intermittent IV?

Back 40

1) Less monitoring than Continuous Infusion 2) Less chance of toxicity due to limited volume and administration time than Bolus 3) More drugs are stable in this form than in Bolus administration

Front 41

What are the disadvantages of intermittent IV?

Back 41

1) Fluids and Electrolytes cannot be given this way 2)Blood levels are Less consistent than Continuous 3) cannot be used for direct administration to an organ or tissue 4)Sometimes impractical in emergency situations

Front 42

Define: "IV Push or Bolus"

Back 42

Administer via syringe in a short period of time directly into a vein or IV tubing that goes into a vein

Front 43

What are the advantages to a bolus IV dose?

Back 43

1) used for immediate injection in emergency situations 2) No monitoring of fluid 3) Less expensive

Front 44

What are the disadvantages to a bolus IV dose?

Back 44

1) Many drugs are irritating due to high conc 2) Some drugs are Less stable 3) drug toxicity is a bigger problem 4) drug levels are Less even 5) Repeated doses may require More staff time

Front 45

What are the five rights?

Back 45

1) Right Medication 2) Right Dose 3) Right Route 4) Right Patient 5) Right Time

Front 46

Define: "Priming Volume"

Back 46

The extra volume of a drug, or drugs, which must be drawn out to fill the hub of the syringe

Front 47

What needs to be visible on the manufacturer label for a LVP?

Back 47

1) Name 2) Type of solution 3) Lot number

Front 48

Define: "Pyrogen"

Back 48

Substance which induces fever

Front 49

What are disadvantages of parenteral therapy?

Back 49

1) More difficult and costly to produce 2) Special equipment, devices and techniques are required 3) cannot be removed once administered 4) Introduction of pathogens into the product can have serious results 5) Pain or tissue damage due to administration

Front 50

What are the non-aqueous vehicles for parenterals?

Back 50

1) Fixed oils 2) Glycerin 3) PEG 4) Alcohol

Front 51

What is required of the solvents used in parenterals?

Back 51

1) Non-irritating 2) Non-toxic 3) Non-sensitizing 4) No pharmacological activity of its own 5) Not affect activity of drug