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14 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What are the 4 important parts of a patient history
Past medical history
Environmental history
Dietary history
History of present condition
What are the clinical signs of pruritis
Scratch
lick
chew
bite
rub
What items should be included on the Derm exam form
-Record findings that can be referred back to
-Draw in lesions
-Diagnostic tests performed - including location performed
-Clinical Impression - suspected diagnostic / differentials / further diagnostic tests
What is the function of the skin scrape
Find parasites
Follicular plugs - indicative of increased epithelial turn over (seborrhea)
excessive lipid
What are the keys to the diagnostic skin scrape
1. clip the hair or scrape a hairless area
2. squeeze the skin prior to scraping
3. scrape a sufficient area (dull blade) in direction of hair growth
4. scrape to a proper depth
5. search for mites with 10x and low condenser
How far should you scrape to
Scrape until capillary hemorrhage - slight bruising / pinkening
never penetrate past epidermis - no body lives past there
How can yeast be evaluated
Demonstrate organism - skin scraping, impression smear, swab

Hairless area only
How do you prepare a slide
-Take sample (wear gloves)
-Heat fix (Dont cook)
-Quick dif stain with no fixative (if tape)
How do you perform a Trichography
pluck 7-8 hairs
grasp firmly with forceps
remove hair from follicle
place on slide in one direction under mineral oil
add cover slip
examine 4x - 40 x
when do hair cells undergo telogen
any time when the skin is inflamed
What is telogen vs anogen
Telogen: resting hair stage (70-90% most dogs) - spear point on end
Anogen: growing hair stage (90% poodle, terrier)
What do you examine under microscope in a trichography
distal ends for pruritis (broken)
hair shafts - developmental defects
hair shafts - fungal infection
rods - growth phase
root area - ecto parasites (demodex)
How can a fecal flotation be useful
pruritic patients - mites pass through GI tract with no digestion
Demodex
Sarcoptes canis
Cheyletiella

Not a sensitive test
high specificity
What is the derm data base - NOT optional
skin scraping
trichogram
impression smears
fungal evaluation

REPEAT at recheck