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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A diathesis-stress model |
Recognises that there are predisposing factors (the diathesis) and environmental causes to a disorder (the stress). It is important to realise that sleepwalking occurs in SWS |
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Genetic predisposition
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This model of sleepwalking says that there is a genetic predisposition to sleep walking, which is the diatesis; the genetic predisposition is likely to be incomplete arousal - so peoples genes predispose them to be in this state between sleep and wakefulness.
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How sleepwalking occurs |
Sleepwalking occurs in SWS and typical EEG recording taken during sleepwalking show delta waves typical of SWS plus higher frequency beta waves which are characteristic of an awake state. It appears that sleepwalking occurs when the person in SWS is awakened but the arousal of the brain is incomplete so they appear asleep
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Stress part of model
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Maturation of key neural circuits in the brain, when the circuits mature sleepwalking stops, which s why most people grow out of it.
Factors that increase the amount ofSWS that is experiences and so increase the chance of sleepwalking occurring, these factors inches sleep deprivation, drinking alcohol, fever and being a child |
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IDA - biologically determinist
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The theory states that is it predisposed in our genetic biology to sleepwalk and we are unable to change it. The theory also is reductionist because it does provide an underlying explanation for why some people have developed sleepwalking as a sleep pattern
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Evidence - Jules lowe
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In manchester, 2003, 32 year old attacked his 82 year old father and when questioned had no recollection as he had been sleepwalking. When tested, it was found he had a history of non violent sleepwalking, he had been drinking alcohol before bed and suffering from insane automatism
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Grounding Jules Lowe
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Sleepwalking can have significant impact violently but it support the theory because it supports the part that states drinking alcohol can induce sleepwalking
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Evidence - Bassetti
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Study centred on 74 patients who attended UNI hospital in switzerland over 30 year period. Researchers identified a particular form of gene which they suspected would make people susceptible to sleepwalking and found 50% of the sleepwalker 32% of patients reported violent incidents while sleepwalking
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Grounding Bassetti
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It partially support the theory as it states that sleepwalking is genetic but only 50% of the participants had the gene therefore it isn't entirely supportive
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Zadra et al - Evidence |
40 volunteers under lab conditions 3 nights. Night 1 - baseline habits Night 2 - Kept awake for 25 hours Night 3 - recovery sleep was allowed and participants observed. 32 sleepwalking incidences between them, night 3 this rose to 92 sleepwalking episodes |
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Grounding Zadra et al |
This supports the theory as when the participants were sleep deprived, they were more prone to sleepwalking
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AO3
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Bassetti is objective because it has replicable and consistent results and although the sample size is small, because it was biological the findings can be generalises. The jules lowe evidence is a unique case study and therefore difficult to generalise.The basset study is strong evidence so it shows us that the theory is partial explanation of sleepwalking, the case study of jules low lends poor support to the theory
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Wider Evaluation |
The theory is useful as people can be aware of side-effects of sleep walking and get help so that violence doesn't occur. NHS advises that to prevent sleepwalking we need a stable, regular and relaxing routine before bed time which corroborates with the second part of the stress model in the theory |
