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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What neurons are deactivated in narcolepsy?
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Hypocretin neurons
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Where is the sleep switch located in the brain?
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Ventrolateral preoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus
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What part of the brain sets the circadian rhythm?
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SCN
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What keeps the circadian rhythm in check?
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Light
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What are the stages of sleep?
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N1
N2 N3 Rem: phasic, tonic |
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Where do you spend most of your time during sleep?
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N2
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What signs are characteristic during Stage 2?
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Sleep spindles
K complexes |
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What waves dominate stages 3 and 4 of sleep?
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Delta waves
They're big! |
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What does REM sleep most look like?
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Wakefulness
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How often do Rem cycles occur?
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Every 90 minutes
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What occurs during rem?
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Muscle atonia
Rapid eye movements Muscle twitching Irregular breathing |
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What are the sleep disorders that we learned about in the lecture?
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Obstructive sleep apnea
Narcolepsy REM behavior disorder |
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What is considered the criteria for sleep apnea?
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Apnea, hypopnea index > 5/night
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What are the risk factors for sleep apnea?
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OBESITY X 3
Obstrutive upper airway anatomy Endocrine abnormalities (hypothyroidism) Post-menopause (in women) Genetic factors |
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What are the clinical features of sleep apnea?
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HABITUAL, LOUD SNORING
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What are the risks that come from having sleep apnea?
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Increased risk of:
HTN MI Stroke DM CHF |
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What is the best treatment for sleep apnea?
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Upper airway surgery: 90% success rate--> OMF FOR THE WIN!!!
Weight loss Oral appliances Provent |
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What are the clinical characteristics of narcolepsy?
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Excessive daytime sleepiness
Sleep paralysis Hypogogic hallucinations Cataplexy |
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What are the clinical characteristics of REM behavior disorder/
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Loss of skeletal muscle atonia during REM--> they act out their dreams
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REM behavior disorder may be a sign of what?
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Neurodegenerative disorders
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