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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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largest sleep cycle and length?
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circadian 24-25 hours
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what is Rem sleep, whats happening in the dream, and how long does it last
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Normal Rapid Eye Movement during sleep happens during visual dreams for 90-100 minutes and 4-5 cycles per night.
20% REM 80% NREM= normal sleep |
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what neurotransmitter is involved in REM sleep
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Ach high
Noradrenergic low 5-HT (seratonin) low |
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REM or NREM?
high muscle tone |
NREM
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REM or NREM ?
variable heart rate and BP |
REM
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REM or NREM?
fast, mixed EEG fast respiration |
REM
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difference between dyssomnias and parasomnias?
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dyssomnias insomnia,narcolepsy,breathing prob.
parasomnias nightmares,sleepwalk,night terrors |
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most commonly seen sleep disorders in primary care?
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breathing related disorders
nocturnal myoclonus |
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predisposing conditions for obstructive sleep apnea?(4)
men or women have it more? which races |
BMI>30
neck circumference high arched palate,large tonsils hypertension Men black>whites(under25) |
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sleep apnea puts you at risk for? (3)
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hypertension
stroke myocardial infarction |
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treatments for restless leg syndrome (RLS) and primary limb movement disorders (PMLD)?
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benzos to rais wakening threshold
dopaminergics like ropinorole to reduce twitches |
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diagnostic triad of narcolepsy ?
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sleep attacks
cataplexy (weakness of isolated muscles) sleep paralysis hypnogogic or hypnopompic hallucinations |
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onset and prevelance of narcolepsy?
treatments |
age 15-25 .02%-.09%
Methylphenidate (ritalin) amphetamine pemoline (stimulant) modafinil(elevates histamine) |
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cuases of narcolepsy?
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reduced release of NE and/or seratonin fails to inhibit REM sleep
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causes of insomnia?
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pain, cardiorespiratory, GI upset, nocturia, anxiety, depression.
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consistent EEG finding in pepression?
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shortened REM cycle
onset to REM initiation is shorter |
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alcohols effect on REM and slow-wave sleep?
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suppresses REM interferes with SWS
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non-pharm tx for insomnia
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no alcohol,caffein,heavymeals.
moderate daily exercise, bedtime routine. bed only for sex and sleep, preferably in that order! |
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pharm tx for insomnia
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use the ams
lorazepam alprazolam temazepam triazolam |
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benzodiazepine receptor types are for ?
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BZ1= sleep induction
BZ2= confusion,dependence BZ3= muscle relaxation |
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atypical drugs that act on the BZ1 receptor
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Zaleplon
zolplidem eszopiclone |
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desired effects of benzos?
side effects of bensos? |
1 muscle relax, lower anxiety, anticonvulsant
2 dependence, delerium, rebound insomnia, suppress REM sleep |
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OTC tx for insomnia
drug cominng out that mimics this? |
melatonin pills
Ramelteon (rozerem) |
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sexual intent (sex print)
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unique sexual preferrence of individual
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dyspareunia
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recurrent or persistent genital pain during sex in males or females.
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definition of vaginismus
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recurrent or persistent involuntary spasm of the musculature of the outer one-third of the vagina which interferes with sexual intercourse
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whats masochism?
sadism? |
masochism= wanting to be dominated
sadism= wanting to inflict suffering |
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drugs to treat paraphilias
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tranquilizers
SSRI anti-androgens |
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what is intersex
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androgen insensitivity syndrome
or congenital adrenal hyperplasia |
