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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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4 main theories as to why we sleep? |
Predator avoidance Body restoration Memory consolidation energy conservation |
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predator avoidance |
dinural vs nocturnal promote survival stay out of the way when most vunerable REM sleep period of Quasi awake to check for danger |
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body and mind restoration |
rebuilding and restoration of proteins and materials |
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memory consolodation |
consolidation of memories aquired when awake memories decay slower during sleep |
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biological rhythems |
circadian rhythm approx 24 hrs (similar to hamster) |
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where is the endogenous clock located? |
The superchiasmatic nucleus |
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what's an EEg like when fully awake? |
dominated by low amplitude, fast freq waves of around 15-20Hz Referred to as Beta activity |
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EEG for Stage 1 Short Wave Sleep |
occurs when you relax and close your eyes regular oscillations at 9-12Hz (alpha rhythm) as you become more drowsy, alpha rhythm decreases, amplitude decreases. freq becomes more irregular vertex spikes appear heart rate slows and muscle tension decreases (several mins) |
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EEG for Stage 2 SWS |
defined by the apperance of sleep spindles (waves of 12-14Hz that occur in periodic bursts) (10-15mins) |
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EEG for Stage 3 SWS |
defined by the apperance of delta waves, large amplitude, very slow waves of 1Hz (10-15mins) |
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EEG for Stage 4 SWS |
defined by the dominance of delta waves (20-30mins) |
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EEG for REM sleep |
known as paradoxical sleep, small amp, high freq similar to awake muscle tone is flacid motor neurones are inhibited by the brainstem (sleep inertia) eye movements, irregular breathing and pulse, vivid dreaming (5-10mins in early part of the night, lengthening to 40 mins before waking) |
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how long dpoes the average sleep cycle last? |
90mins |
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on average, how many sleep cyles do we go through a night |
5 |
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why do we dream? |
recurrent dreams showed evidence of more negitive dream content and poorer sekf-reported psychological well-being |
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which animal has the most similar sleep patter to humans, and how? |
the fox, shows similar proportion of wakefullness and REM and SWS sleep to humans |
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do all mammals display SWS and REM |
yes, except for echidna |
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what's special about dolphons when they sleep? |
they do not displat REM sleep (due to continual need to surface for air) they engage one hemisphere at a time |
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From the study of birds, what can we infer about the development of REM sleep |
display both REM and SWS, both developef 150+million years ago in a common ancestor |
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How do babies differ in sleep |
REM sleep in much more prominent (implications about subsidiary mental stimulation) |
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as we get older, what happens to our sleep? |
sleep hours per night decreases and number of nocturnal awakenings |
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Rightwing people have been reported to have more nightmares than left-wing people.. why? (Van Hiel and Cornelis 2005) |
CONFLICTING EXPLANATIONS - nightmares suggested to be due to the greater attitude of realism in RW nightmares results from a lesser attitude of realism in RW - out of touch with emotions and nightmares are the expression of repressed emotions RW- less prone to narcolepsy basically no evidence that RW ideology predicts sleep disturbance |
