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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the types of insomnia?
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transient: few days, jet lag
short-term: 4-28 days, significant life stressor chronic: medical condition |
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What causes insomnia?
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drugs: alpha/beta blockers, methyldopa, albuterol, chemo, decongestants, hormones, psychotropics
HF, sleep apnea, GERD, psychiatric... |
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What are the types of RLS?
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intermittent
daily refractory: daily worsening sx, failed daily monotherapy tx |
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What causes RLS?
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genetics?
lack of DA or presence of DA blockers iron deficiency |
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What causes narcolepsy?
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genetics
loss of neurons containing hypocretin in CNS |
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What's hypocretin?
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regulates maintenance of wakefulness & REM sleep suppression
has max release during wakefulness increases muscle tone |
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What causes obstructive sleep apnea?
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obesity
nasal polyps enlarged tonsils, uvula, tongue decr. activity of dilator muscles in pharynx |
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How to treat insomnia?
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diphenhydramine/doxylamine
BZDs non-BZD sedative hypnotics (zolpidem, zaleplon, etc) trazodone TCAs |
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How to treat RLS?
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intermittent: levodopa/carbidopa when having sx; DA agonists
daily: DA agonists, low potency opioid, gabapentin iron replacement if needed refractory: gabapentin, different DA agonist, add BZD, opioid, or gabapentin, or high-potency opioid |
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How to treat OSA?
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1st line: continuous pressure airway pressure
2nd line: mandibular oral appliances to keep airway open 3rd line: surgery modafinil? |
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How to treat narcolepsy?
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dextroamphetamine
methylphenidate modafinil sodium oxybate (for cataplexy) TCA/SRI/MAOI possible for cataplexy too |
