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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
ENTERPRISE ZONE
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areas of community that offer special government incentives to stimulate investment
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INCORPORATION
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charter granted from state to creat municipality
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IN-KIND PROGRAMS
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non-cash welfare (food stamps, welfare)
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BOARD OF SUPERVISORS
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Label used in counties for the governing board
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STRATEGIC PLANNING
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emphasizes future events and changing conditions
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STRONG-MAYOR-COUNCIL
STRUCTURE |
Mayor has power to veto city council and perform executive functions
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VICTIMLESS CRIME
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illegal act that does no one harm
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FISCAL STRESS
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financial pressure resulting from adverse social economic conditions
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AMENITIES
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comfort and comveniences that contribute to quality of life
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HOME-RULE
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Granted power from state to local government
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SOCIAL INSURANCE
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recipients contribute financally through SSI
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SHADOW GOVERNMENTS
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funtion like government but are unofficial
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INCENTIVE PACKAGES
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enticements offered to retain or attract business and industry
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CHARTER
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Document that sets out a city's structure, authority, and functions
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GRAND JURY
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appointed citizens examine evidence to determine if a person will go to trial
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MANDATE-REIMBURSEMENT
REQUIREMENTS |
requires states to reimburse local government for any state mandate or give adequate revenue
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SCHOOL CHOICE
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permits individual selection of a school a child will attend
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WEAK-MAYOR-COUNCIL
STRUCTURE |
Mayor lacks executive power:city council is source of executive and legislative power
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INDICTMENT
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formal written accusation submitted to court by grand jury alleging a specific crime
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PROPORTIONAL (FLAT) TAX
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people pay tax rate regardless of income or economic transaction
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GENTRIFICATION
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replaces low-end land with upscale uses
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DISTRICT (WARD)
ELECTIONS |
Election when voters determine a representative for the district
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SUBSIDY
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financial help given by a goverment to a business
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GREENBELTS
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limited development in open space
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CITY MANAGER
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Hired by city council to handle daily operation of city
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TAXATION AND EXPENDITURE
LIMITATIONS (TELS) |
restrictions on taxing and spending for state and local
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PUBLIC AUTHORITY
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governed by appointed board, special district funded by nontax revenue
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PROGRESSIVE TAX
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rate rises as base or taxable income rises
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REFORM MOVEMENT
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movement to "depoliticize" local governments. ex.) non -partisan elections, shorter ballots...
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PROGRESSIVE ERA
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Focused on reforming on cleaning up the environment
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TOWN MEETING
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yearly meeting residents from towns make decisions on policies concerning their town.
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INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT BOND
(IDB) |
type of revenue bond
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AT-LARGE
ELECTIONS |
City voters vote to decide members of city council
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URBAN SPRAWL
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development characterized ny low population density, rapid land consumption, and dependence on the automobile
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PLURALIST THEORY
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theory that power is dispersed among competing groups clash produces societal rule
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REVENUE BOND
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backed up by expected income from specific project or service
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ELITE THEORY
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theory that small group of "elite" leaders posess power and rule society
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ALDERMEN
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City council members
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NON PROFIT ORGANIZATIONS
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private sector groups that carry out religious, charitable, educational functions
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TAX EFFORT
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degreee a state exploits its fiscal potential
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REGRESSIVE TAX
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places greater burden on low income than on high income
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IMPACT FEE
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fee levied by government on developers. Intended to shift some social costs of growth to developer
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TAX CAPACITY
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potential ability to raise revenues from taxes
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