Skull & Cranial Cavity, Brs H & N

Front 1

8 Cranial Bones

Back 1

unpaired Frontal, Occipital, Ethmoid, Sphenoid,
paired Parietal & Temporal

Front 2

14 Facial Bones

Back 2

paired Lacrimal, Nasal, Palatine, Inferior turbinate, Maxillary, Zygomatic bones;
unpaired Vomer & Mandible

Front 3

Calvaria

Back 3

= skullcap = vault of the skull w/o the facial bones (consists of superior portions of frontal, parietal, occipital bones);
highest point on the sagittal sinus is VERTEX

Front 4

Frontal Bone feature...

Back 4

glabella (smooth median prominence)

Front 5

Parts of the Temporal Bone

Back 5

SQAMOUS part (external to lateral surface of temporal lobe of brain);
PETROUS part (encloses the internal & middle ears);
MASTOID part (contains mastoid air cells)
TYMPANIC part (houses EAM & tympanic cavity)

Front 6

Part of the Occipital Bone

Back 6

Squamous, basilar, two lateral condylar parts;
Encloses the FORAMEN MAGNUM and forms cerebral & cerebellar fossa

Front 7

Sphenoid bone

Back 7

consists of body (which houses sphenoid sinus), greater & lesser wings, pterygoid process

Front 8

Ethmoid bone

Back 8

located btw orbits and consists of cribiform plate, perpendicular plate, two lateral masses enclosing ethmoid air cells

Front 9

coronal suture

Back 9

lies between the frontal bone and the two parietal bones

Front 10

sagittal suture

Back 10

lies between the two parietal bones

Front 11

squamous (squamoparietal) suture

Back 11

lies between the parietal bone and the squamous part of the temporal bone

Front 12

Lambdoid suture

Back 12

lies btw the two parietal bones and the occipital bone (shaped like greek letter lambda)

Front 13

Lambda

Back 13

intersection of lambdoid and sagittal sutures

Front 14

Bregma

Back 14

intersection of sagittal and coronal sutures

Front 15

Pterion

Back 15

craniometric point at junction of frontal, parietal, temporal bones & the great wing of the sphenoid

Front 16

Asterion

Back 16

craniometric point at junction of parietal, occipital, temporal (mastoid part) bones

Front 17

Nasion

Back 17

point on the middle of the NASOfrontal suture (intersection of frontal and two nasal bones)

Front 18

Inion

Back 18

most prominent point of the external occipital protuberance

Front 19

Tripod fracture

Back 19

facial fracture involving the three supports of the malar (cheeck or zygomatic) bone including the zygomatic processes of the temporal, frontal, and maxillary bones

Front 20

Foramina of the Anterior Cranial Fossa

Back 20

cribiform plate,
foramen cecum,
anterior & posterior ethmoidal foramina

Front 21

Cribiform Plate

Back 21

olfactory nerves (CN I)

Front 22

Foramen Cecum

Back 22

occasional small emissary vein from nasal mucosa to superior sagittal sinus

Front 23

Anterior & Posterior Ethmoidal Foramina

Back 23

anterior and posterior ethmoidal nerves, arteries & veins

Front 24

Formina of the Middle Cranial Fossa (8)

Back 24

optic canal,
superior orbital fissure,
foramen rotundum,
foramen ovale,
foramen spinosum,
foramen lacerum,
carotid canal,
hiatus of facial canal

Front 25

optic canal

Back 25

optic nerve (CN II), opthalmic artery (from internal carotid), central artery and vein of retina

Front 26

Superior Orbital Fissure

Back 26

oculomotor (III), trochlear (IV), abducens (VI); opthalmic division of trigeminal (V); opthalmic veins

Front 27

foramen rotundum

Back 27

maxillary division of trigeminal

Front 28

Foramen ovale

Back 28

mandibular division of trigeminal, accessory meningeal artery, occasionally lesser petrosal nerve

Front 29

foramen spinosum

Back 29

middle meningeal artery

Front 30

foramen lacerum

Back 30

nothing passes through here;
the supper part is traversed by the internal carotid artery and greater and deep petrosal nerves en route to pterygoid canal

Front 31

carotid canal

Back 31

internal carotid artery and sympathetic nerves (carotid plexus)

Front 32

Hiatus of facial canal

Back 32

greater petrosal nerve

Front 33

Foramina of Posterior cranial Fossa (6)

Back 33

internal auditory meatus,
jugular foramen,
hypoglossal canal,
foramen magnum,
condyloid foramen,
mastoid foramen

Front 34

Internal Auditory Meatus

Back 34

facial (VII) and vestibulochoclear (VIII) nerves and labyrinthine artery

Front 35

Jugular Foramen

Back 35

glossopharyngeal (IX), vagus (X), spinal accessory (XI) nerves; beginning of IJV

Front 36

Hypoglossal canal

Back 36

hypoglossal nerve (XII) and meningeal artery

Front 37

Foramen Magnum

Back 37

spinal cord, spinal accessory nerve (XI), vertebral arteries, venous plexus of vertebral canal, anterior and posterior spinal arteries

Front 38

Condyloid foramen

Back 38

condyloid emissary vein

Front 39

Mastoid foramen

Back 39

branch of occipital artery to dura mater and mastoid emissary vein

Front 40

Foramina of the front of the skull

Back 40

zygomaticofacial,
supraorbital notch,
infraorbital notch,
mental foramen

Front 41

zygomaticofacial foramen

Back 41

zygomaticofacial nerve (off maxillary division of V)

Front 42

supraorbital notch

Back 42

supraorbital nerve (opthalmic div of V) and vessels

Front 43

infraorbital foramen

Back 43

infraorbital nerve (from V2) and vessels

Front 44

mental foramen (on mandible)

Back 44

mental nerve (from V3) and vessels

Front 45

Petrotympanic fissure

Back 45

chorda tympani and often anterior tympanic artery

grants, 625

Front 46

Stylomastoid foramen

Back 46

facial nerve (VII)

Front 47

incisive canal

Back 47

nasopalatine nerve (from maxillary nerve) and terminal part of sphenopalatine or greater palatine vessels

Front 48

greater palatine foramen

Back 48

greater palatine nerve (from Maxillary) and vessels

Front 49

lesser palatine foramen

Back 49

lesser palatine nerve and vessels

Front 50

palatine canal

Back 50

descending palatine vessels and the greater & lesser palatine nerves

Front 51

pterygoid canal

Back 51

runs from the anterior wall of the foramen lacerum to the pterygopalatine fossa and transmits the NERVE of the PTERYGOID CANAL (vidian nerve)

grants, 624

Front 52

sphenopalatine foramen

Back 52

sphenopalatine vessels and nasopalatine nerve

Front 53

Foramen Cecum lies between what two bones?

Back 53

ethmoid and frontal bones

Front 54

Foramen cecum transmits...

Back 54

emissary vein from nasal mucosa and frontal sinus to superior sagittal sinus

Front 55

Crista galli - what/where is it?

Back 55

It is the triangular midline process of the ethmoid bone extending upward from the cribiform plate

Front 56

Crista galli provides attachment for what structure?

Back 56

Falx Cerebri

Front 57

What is the cribiform plate? What bone is it a part of?

Back 57

Part of ethmoid bone; perforated by 15-20 foramina, supports the olfactory bulb, transmits olfactory nerves from the olfactory mucosa to the olfactory bulb

Front 58

Where are the anterior clinoid processes and what do they provide attachment for?

Back 58

are two anterior processes of the LESSER WING of SPHENOID bone (in middle cranial fossa);
provide attachment for TENTORIUM CEREBELLI

Front 59

Posterior Clinoid processes - where are they? what attaches?

Back 59

are two tubercles from each side of the DORSUM SELLAE (of SPHENOID);
provide attachment for attached border of TENTORIUM CEREBELLI

Front 60

Lesser Wing of Sphenoid Bone

Back 60

forms anterior boundary of middle cranial fossa;
forms sphenoid ridge separating anterior and middle cranial fossa;
forms boundary of Superior Orbital Fissure

Front 61

Greater Wing of Sphenoid Bone - has what openings?

Back 61

foramen rotundum, foramen ovale, foramen spinosum

Front 62

Sella Turcica (Turk's saddle) - characteristics

Back 62

part of sphenoid bone;
has hypophyseal fossa (accomodates pituitary gland);
lies directly above sphenoid sinus; dural roof is formed by diaphragma sellae

Front 63

Jugum sphenoidale - what is it?

Back 63

portion of the body of the sphenoid bone connecting the two lesser wings, forms the roof for the sphenoidal air sinus

Front 64

Clivus - what is it/what bones form it?

Back 64

downward sloping surface from the dorsum sellae to the foramen magnum; formed by sphenoid and occipital bones