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62 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

anatomical position

palms up/out, feet forward

posterior <---> anterior

superior^ inferior (down)

medial

lateral

proximal (closer to the trunk)

distal

superficial: closer to the surface/skin

deep

coronal

transverse

oblique

sagittal (this is midsagittal)

the axial skeleton is composed of...

vertebral column, the ribs, the sternum, and the skull

the skull consists of...

8 cranial bones and 14 facial bones

8 cranial bones and 14 facial bones

name all 7 bones

name all 7 bones

dull purple: frontal


green: lacrimal


red: sphenoid


yellow: zygomatic


bright purple:maxilla


white: nasal


cream: mandible

name all 5 bones

name all 5 bones

ethmoid (short and squat)


yellow: perpendicular plate


green: middle nasal concha


blue: inferior nasal concha



red: vomer

what makes up the ethmoid bone?

perpendicular plate


middle nasal concha


inferior nasal concha

left side

right side

right side

left side

right side

right side

light purple: frontal


dark purple: maxilla


cream front: nasal


green: lacrimal


yellow: zygomatic


red: sphenoid


teal: temporal


cream large: parietal


pink: occipital

yellow: zygomatic process of the temporal bone


pink: mandibular fossa


purple: external auditory meatus


green: styloid process


red: mastoid process

where one bone meets another bone

articulate

purple: frontal


darker green: front sinus


big orange/cream: perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone



blue: vomer


cream under blue: palatine process (of maxilla)


light green: palatine


red: sphenoid bone


poop green: sphenoidal sinus


yellow: selta funcica

purple: maxilla


yellow: zygomatic


green: palatine


red: sphenoid


teal: temporal


pink: occipital


hole: foramen magnum

the palatine and the maxilla make up the...

hard plate

the spinal cord goes through the...

foramen magnum

green: pterygoid process


pink: mandibular fossa


red circles: carotid canal


blue circles: jugular foramen


4 regions and teal process

4 regions and teal process

purple: frontal


yellow: cribriform plate (of ethmoid)


pink: sphenoid


teal: temporal


teal process: petrous part (of temporal)

starting notes from the lab section

more in depth!

the frontal bone forms what three things

the forehead


the anterior roof of the skull


the superior walls of the orbits

the left and right parietal bones form what

form the superior sides of the cranium

the frontal and parietal bones are connected by a fibrous joint called the _______

coronal suture

the coronal suture connects what two bones

frontal and parietal

what connects the two parietal bones

the sagittal suture

what connects the parietal bone with the occipital bone?

the lambdoid suture

____ forms the inferior sides of the cranial vault

left and right temporal bones

the upper jaw and most of the hard palate is formed by the left and right...

maxilla (maxillae)

the posterior third of the hard palate is formed by the left and right _____

palatine

______ forms the prominence of the cheek

zygomatic

______ forms the inferior part of the nasal septum

vomer

discuss the hyoid bone. Why is it unique?

bone that is not part of the skull, but is discussed with it. It is a single, U-shaped bone posterior, inferior to the mandible. It attaches to the bones of the skull via muscles and ligaments (only seen on complete skeletons)

the feature on the left and right of the foramen magnum that articulate with the first cervical vertabra

occipital condyles

prominent, pointed projection on the posterior surface of the occipital bone (usually more prominent on male skulls)

external occipital protuberance

name the three features of the occipital bone

foramen magnum


occipital condyles


external occipital protuberance

Name the 9 features of the temporal bone

zygomatic process


mandibular fossa


external acoustic (auditory) meatus (or canal)


mastoid process


styloid process


petrous part


internal acoustic (auditory) meatus (or canal)


jugular foramen


carotid canal

where the mandible articulates the temporal bone

mandibular fossa

dense, bony ridge projecting up into the cranial cavity from the temporal bone

petrous part

name the 4 features of the ethmoid bone

cribriform plate


perpendicular plate


superior nasal concha


middle nasal concha

which bone resembles a butterfly

sphenoid

rounded depression in the sphenoid bone where the pituitary gland rests (seen from half head and looks like a U)

sella turcica

holes in sphenoid bone, seen when top of head is open (just looking at inside of top of skull)

optic canals (foramina)

lateral to the optic canals of the sphenoid bone are the ______________

2 superior orbital fissures

_____ each have two vertical plates and can be seen on the inferior side of the skull

pterygoid processes

_____ is within the body of the sphenoid bone itself and it may have more than one part

sphenoidal sinus

name the 5 features of the sphenoid bone

sella turcica


optic canals (optic foramina)


superior orbitals fissures


pterygoid processes


sphenoidal sinus


name the 3 features of the maxilla

infraorbital formen


palatine process


alveolar process

opening inferior to the the orbit which a nerve and vessels are transmitted through

infraortbital foramen

the part of the maxilla that articulates with the horizontal plate of the palatine bone

palatine process

the ridge of bone on the maxilla that contains the sockets (aveoli) for the upper teeth

alveolar process