Skin, Hair, Nails

Front 1

Macule

Back 1

Flat, dark, <1cm

(e.g. freckles)

Front 2

Patch

Back 2

Macule >1cm

(e.g. mongolian spot)

Front 3

Papule

Back 3

elevated, <1 cm

(e.g. mole)

Front 4

Plaque

Back 4

Papule >1 cm

(e.g. psoriasis)

Front 5

Nodule

Back 5

Solid (hard or soft), >1 cm

(e.g. fibroma)

Front 6

Tumor

Back 6

Solid (firm or soft), >2-3 cm

(e.g. lipoma)

Front 7

Wheal

Back 7

Raised, irregular

(e.g. allergic reaction)

Front 8

Urticaria

Back 8

Hives, pruritic

Front 9

Vesicle

Back 9

Elevated, <1 cm

(e.g. blister)

Front 10

Bulla

Back 10

Elevated, >1 com

(e.g. friction blister)

Front 11

Cyst

Back 11

Fluid-filled

Front 12

Pustule

Back 12

Pus-filled

Front 13

Fissure

Back 13

Crack

Front 14

Erosion

Back 14

Scooped out; shallow depression

Front 15

Ulcer

Back 15

Deeper depression; irregular shape

Front 16

Excoriation

Back 16

Self-inflicted abrasion

Front 17

Atrophic Scar

Back 17

Skin level depressed; loss of tissue

Front 18

Lichenification

Back 18

Thickening of skin from intense scratching

Front 19

Keloid

Back 19

Hypertrophic scar

Front 20

Nevus Flammeus

Back 20

Macular patch on face by Cranial Nerve V

("Port Wine Stain")

Front 21

Immature Hemangioma

Back 21

Red, raised; immature capillaries (usually gone by age 5-7)

("Strawberry Mark")

Front 22

Mature Hemangioma

Back 22

Red/blue; irregular spongy mass of blood vessels

Front 23

Telangiectases

Back 23

Enlarged, dilated blood vessels caused by vascular dilation

Front 24

Spider/Star Angioma

Back 24

Red, star-shaped with solid circular center

Front 25

Venous Lake

Back 25

blue/purple; dilation of venules & capillaries

Front 26

What are Purpuric Lesions caused by?

Back 26

Blood flowing out of breaks in vessels

Front 27

Petechiae

Back 27

1-3mm hemorrhages; don't blanche

Front 28

Ecchymosis

Back 28

Purple patch; >3 mm

Front 29

Purpura

Back 29

Extensive Petachiae & Ecchymosis; >3 mm; red/purple

Front 30

Intertrigo (Candidiasis)

Back 30

Red, moist patches (genital area usually)

Front 31

Impetigo

Back 31

Moist, thin-roofed vesicles

Front 32

Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema)

Back 32

Red papules & vesicles

Front 33

Measles (Rubeola)

Back 33

Red/purple maculopapular blotchy rash

Front 34

German Measles (Rubella)

Back 34

Pink, papular rash

Front 35

Varicella

Back 35

Small, tight vesicles

Front 36

Primary Contact Dermatitis

Back 36

Local inflammatory reaction

Front 37

Tinea Corporis

Back 37

Ringworm of the body; clear center

Front 38

Tinea Pedis

Back 38

Ringworm of foot ("Athlete's Foot"); fungal infection

Front 39

Labial Herpex Simplex

Back 39

("Cold Sores"); tight vesicles followed by pustule

Front 40

Tinea Versicolor

Back 40

Fine, scaling, round patches; fungal infection

Front 41

Erythema Migrans

Back 41

("Lyme Disease"); red, macular or papular patch

Front 42

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Back 42

Starts as skin-colored papule; most common form of skin cancer

Front 43

Squamous Cell Carconoma

Back 43

Erythematous, scaly; 1 cm or more

Front 44

Malignant Melanoma

Back 44

Arise from preexisting nevi

Front 45

AIDS-related Kaposi Sarcoma

Back 45

Vascular tumor

Front 46

Toxic Alopecia

Back 46

Patchy, asymmetric balding (e.g. chemo)

Front 47

Alopecia Areata

Back 47

Round/oval balding patch

Front 48

Traumatic Alopecia

Back 48

("Traction Alopecia"); linear/oval patch along hair line

(e.g. hair rollers)

Front 49

Tinea Capitis

Back 49

Ringworm on head

Front 50

Seborrheic Dermatitis

Back 50

("Cradle Cap"); thick, yellow/white greasy scales

Front 51

Folliculitis

Back 51

Pustules/whiteheads

Front 52

Pediculosis

Back 52

("Head Lice")

Front 53

Trichotillomania

Back 53

Self-induced hair loss

Front 54

Hirsutism

Back 54

Excess hair on females

Front 55

Furuncle and Abscess

Back 55

Pus-filled, red, swollen; infected hair follicles

Front 56

Scabies

Back 56

Liner or curved and elevator burrow caused by scabies mite

Front 57

Paronychia

Back 57

Red, swollen, tender inflammation of nail folds

Front 58

Beau's Line

Back 58

Transverse furrow or groove

Front 59

Splinter Hemorrhages

Back 59

Red/brown linear streaks

Front 60

Onycholysis

Back 60

Persistent fungal infection; common in older alduts

Front 61

Lat Clubbing

Back 61

Inner edge of nail elevates

Front 62

PItting

Back 62

Crumbling of nails; sometimes distal detachment

Front 63

Habit-Tic Dystrophy

Back 63

Depression down middle of nail

Front 64

What are the two layers of Epidermis?

Back 64

1. Basal Cell (keratin)

2. Horny Cell (dead keratinized)

Front 65

What is the Dermis made of?

Back 65

Collagen

Front 66

What is the subcutaneous layer made of and what is its purpose?

Back 66

Adipose tissue;

Insulation, and stores fat for energy

Front 67

What is hair made of?

Back 67

Keratin

Front 68

What are sebaceous glands made of and what is its purpose?

Back 68

Lipid substance;

Oils/lubricates skin and hair

Front 69

What are the two types of sweat glands?

Back 69

1. Eccrine: regular sweat glands

2. Apocrine: after puberty in axillae, anogenital areas

Front 70

What are nails made of?

Back 70

Hard keratin

Front 71

Where is keratin formed in the nails?

Back 71

Lunula

Front 72

What is the function of skin?

Back 72

Protect, absorption & excretion, communication, identification, temperature regulation, production of Vitamin D

Front 73

What are the abnormalities of color?

Back 73

1. Pallor (pale)

2. Jaundice

3. Cyanosis

4. Erythema