Skin Diseases

Front 1

What shape of maculopapular

Back 1

Flat to slightly raised colored bumps

Front 2

What disease that causing warts?

Back 2

human papillomaviruses

Front 3

The cause of River blindness

Back 3

A chronic protozoan infection

Front 4

Ringworm

Back 4

caused by cutaneous mycoses

Front 5

Conjunctiva

Back 5

the thin membrane-like tissue that cover most of the eye

Front 6

Vesicles

Back 6

small, fluid-filled lesions

Front 7

Bullae

Back 7

Larger vesicles; bubble

Front 8

Macules

Back 8

flat, reddened lesions

Front 9

Maculopapular

Back 9

combines macular and popular characteristics

Front 10

papules
Pustules

Back 10

raised reddened lesions;
if filled with pus

Front 11

Mucous membranes

Back 11

lining of body cavities; tightly packed EPITHELIAL CELLS attached to a membrane; many of these cells secrete mucous; often ACIDIC; in the eyes are mechanically washed by tears containing LYSOZYME

Front 12

characteristics of Normal Microbiota of the Skin

Back 12

Resistant to drying and relatively high salt concentrations

Front 13

Name Three main categories of Normal microbiota of the skin

Back 13

Diptheroids: club-shaped bacteria
Micrococci: including staphylococci-most commonly coagulase-negative S. epidermidis and streptococci
Yeast: nosocomial infection candida albicans

Front 14

What test used to differentiate S. aureus

Back 14

Coagulase(-): 90% of the normal microbiota that do not cause disease unless the skin is broken; S. epidermidis predominat of these
Coagulase (+) : almost all pathogenic strains of S. aureus; clots firin in plasma and blood and may protect the bacteria from phagocytosis

Front 15

What media used for coagulase test

Back 15

rabbit sebum or plasma

Front 16

M protein

Back 16

produced by S. pyogenes binds plasminogen which causes the bacterium to produce streptokinase

Front 17

Capability of Streptokinase enzyme?

Back 17

changes plasminogen into plasmin

Front 18

important concept of STREPTOKINASE

Back 18

it produced by beta-hemolytic streptococcus is used as an effective and cheap CLOT-DISSOLVING MEDICATION in some cases of MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (heart attack) AND PULMONARY EMBOLISM

Front 19

CELLULITIS

Back 19

INFECTION OF THE DERMIS and subcutaneous tissue usually caused by S. aureus or S. pyogenes but can be caused by other pathogenic bacteria or fungi; pain, swelling, fever, LYMPHANGITIS (red streaks leading away from the away, sometimes called blood poisoning), can lead to BACTEREMIA; treatment is aggressive oral or IV antibiotics

Front 20

Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome

Back 20

usually with children under two; very serious; blistering SYMPTOMS CAUSED BY EXFLOLIATE TOXINS A& B that the bacteria has acquired from certain phage types->transduction+lysogeny; mainly spread by asymptomatic carriers; treatment with antibiotics

Front 21

What caused Gas gangrene?

Back 21

Clostridium perfringens
when bacterium enters tissue through a surgical incision, compound fracture, diabetic ulcers, septic abortions, puncture and gunshot wounds, and crushing injuries

Front 22

Name the virus that caused Measles

Back 22

MACULAROPAPULAR RASH
7 days measles; vaccine MMR given at 12-15 mos.
Koplick's spots in the oral mucosa (white center) diagnostic
dangerous in very young and very old-deafness, pneumonia, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)

Front 23

SHINGLES

Back 23

also called Herpes Zoster, Herpes virus HHV-3 or varicella zoster; Vesicles similar to checkenpox localized around the waist, or face, upper chest and back; usually limited to one side of the body; can be serious impairing vision or causing paralysis; painful

Front 24

Herpetic keratitis

Back 24

cornea of the eye infected

Front 25

Fifth Disease

Back 25

Human parvovirus B19
common childhood disease presenting as very flushes cheeks:SLAPPED CHEEK and a lacy MACULAR RASH on the trunk, may also have a slight fever malaise, or cold; resolves in 7-10 days; adults may have the rash and joint swelling; fifth on the list of skin rashes

Front 26

Roseola

Back 26

HH6
affects babies and toddlers from 6-24 mos.; high fever until the fourth day, as it falls a MACULAR RASH appears

Front 27

Fungal diseases : MYCOSIS
Cutaneous mycoses

Back 27

Ringworm (athlete's Foot/ Jock Itch)
Caused by 3 fungal genera :
Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton
Virulence: BREAKDOWN OF KERATIN BY KERATINASE the primary protein of the epidermal tissues of vertebrates (skin, nails, hair, feathers, horns) -->waterproofing
Reservoirs: other humans, animals, and soil; some species are zoonotic
Treatment: LONG TERM (WKS +) WITH OTC TOPICAL OINTMENTS

Front 28

CANDIDIASIS

Back 28

Candida albicans

Front 29

Juvenile and Plantar Warts

Back 29

caused by >65 types of PAPILLOMAVIRUS
Treatment: cryotherapy, electrodesiccation, burning, lasers create a virus-laden aerosol
Alternatives: aspirin at site; tagament; duct tape

Front 30

Molluscum contagiosum

Back 30

caused by a poxvirus that causes bumps that look like smooth, waxy nodules;
common in AIDS patients and often on the face

Front 31

Ubiquitous

Back 31

Oral cavity, genitalia, large intestine, and /or skin

Front 32

Thrush (fungal)

Back 32

a white patchy infection affecting the mucous membranes of the oral cavity; common infection in the mouth of newborns& the elderly

Front 33

Candidiasis
or
Yeast infection

Back 33

discharge, inflammation, painful ulcerations, and itching; Vaginal infections (possibly an STD), skin infections (diaper rash)

Front 34

Esophageal candidiasis

Back 34

HIV complication; painful, bleeding ulcerations, perforations, nausea, and vomiting

Front 35

Candidal blood infection

Back 35

an opportunist, causing more deaths than any other fungal infection

Front 36

Intestinal yeast

Back 36

long term antibiotic use and high sugar diet; problems with netal clarity

Front 37

Treatment for fungal and yeast diseases

Back 37

Nystatin (Mycostatin)
Skin-amphotericin B
Systemic infection;
OTC for yeast infection: imidazole or ketoconazole ointment
Diflucan pill

Front 38

Risk of infection elevated on
Yeast and fungal infection

Back 38

infants, PREGNANCY, hormonal changes, use of birth control or ANTIBIOTICS, immunodeficiency, surgery, trauma, DIABETICS

Front 39

What caused
Scabies?

Back 39

Sarcoptes scabiei (parasitic)
A BURROWING MITE, treated with Kwell;chronic,
under-diagnosed giving the phrase the seven year itch

Front 40

conjunctivitis

Back 40

bacterial or viral