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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Induration |
Hard & thickened skin, indicates INFLAMMATION |
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Morbilliform |
Rash that looks like measles Consists of macular lesions that are red & usually 2–10 mm in diameter but may be confluent in places. |
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Papulosquamous |
PAPULAR rash, bumpy, scales Presents w/ both papules & scales, or both scaly papules & plaques |
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Coalesce |
Grouping together |
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Exantham |
Rash, usually a/w viral rash, TRUNK distribution |
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Erythroderma |
Whole body is red |
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Scarletiniform |
Scarlet fever rashes, papular sand paper type rash, usually on TRUNK |
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Confluent |
Rash is in so many places that it has moved together into one |
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Acral |
Distal parts of the body (feet, hands, ears) |
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Dermatomal |
Follows the dermatome (i.e. shingles) |
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Extensor |
Involves the extensor surfaces of limbs - the outer arm or the front of the leg (i.e. psoriasis) |
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Flexor |
Surfaces of limbs that flex in |
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Flexural |
Involves body folds, aka intertriginous sites (2 skin areas may touch/rub together) |
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Follicular |
Arises from hair follicles (i.e. acne) |
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Generalized |
All over |
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Herpetiform |
Looks like a herpes infection, with grouped umbilicated vesicles. |
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Photosensitive |
Skin exposed area |
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Pressure area |
Sacrum, tips of ears |
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Seborrheic |
Scalp, nasal labial folds, eyebrows, behind ears (scaly, flaky, itchy red skin) |
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Symmetrical |
Rash is symmetric |
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Truncal |
On the trunk |
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Unilateral |
Rash is only on 1 side |
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Linear |
Line distribution, i.e. contact dermititis |
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Nummular |
Coin shaped |
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Target |
Bulls eye, dusty red color in center, erythema multiform Concentric rings like a dartboard |
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Gyrate |
Reticular rash, lacey like Looks like it's whirling in a circle |
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Annular |
Round, well demarcated/defined edges, raised, central part is clear (i.e. ringworm) |
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Satellite lesions |
Candida infection, main area of redness & satellite lesions on outskirts (papules or macules) |
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Carotenaemia |
Palms of hands turn orange (when you eat carrots/veggies) |
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Jaundice |
Yellow like |
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Hyperpigmentation |
Skin color darker than normal, long hx eczema, INFLAMMATION process changes color of skin |
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Hypopigmentation |
Skin color paler than normal, i.e. fungal rash |
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Leukoderma |
Loss of melena, white skin |
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Infarcts |
Blackened skin |
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Erythema |
Redness |
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Violaceous |
Purple
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Primary Lesions |
Comes out with the infection: Macule Patch Papule Plaque Nodule Tumor Wheals/urticaria/hives Vesicles Bulla Pustule Burrow |
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Macule |
Circumscribed, flat, NONpalpable change in skin color, up to 1cm (i.e. freckles, fat nevi, hypo pigmentation, tines versicolor, petechiae, measles, scarletina) |
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Patch |
Macule LARGER than 1cm (i.e. senile lentigo/liver spots, mongolian spot, vitiligo, cafe au lait spot) |
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Papule |
PALPABLE, elevated, circumscribed solid mass, caused by superficial thickening in the epidermis, up to 1cm, (i.e. elevated nevus, lichen plans, wart, molluscum, bug bite) |
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Plaque |
FLAT, elevated surface, LARGER than 0.5cm, often formed by coalescence of PAPULES (i.e. psoriasis, lichen plans, xanthoma, xanthelasma) |
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Psoriasis |
Common chronic INFLAMMATORY papulosquamous dz unknown etiology RED, sharply defined, scaly PAPULES that coalesce to form stable round/oval PLAQUES Scale is adherent/silvery white, may have nail &/or joint dz, overproduction of keratin sites |
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Nodule |
Solid, elevated, firm or soft mass LESS than 1-2cm May be firmer & extend deeper in dermis than papule (i.e. fibroma, intradermal nevi) |
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Tumor |
Solid, ELEVATED firm or soft mass LARGER than 1-2cm, extends deeper into dermis, benign or malignant (i.e. lipoma, hemangioma) |
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Wheals/Urticaria/Hives |
Superficial, RAISED, erythematous TRANSIENT lesion IRREGULAR borders d/t EDEMA, mult hives/wheals can coalesce to cause a pruitic lesion Hives: come & go, moves locations Fluid held diffusely into tissues i.e. allergic rxn, bug bite, strep, dematographism (scratch marks) |
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Vesicles |
Circumscribed, superficial ELEVATED cavity, contains FREE FLUID, up to 1cm (clear fluid if rupture) i.e. herpes simplex, chicken pox, contact dermatitis, impetigo |
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Bulla |
Similar to vesicles but LARGER than 1cm, filled w/ SEROUS FLUID, can be caused by bug bite or bullous pemphigus |
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Pustule |
PURULENT VESICLE, filled w/ neutrophils, may be white or yellow, not all pustules are infected (i.e. acne) |
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Burrow |
Minute, slightly RAISED tunnel in the epidermis (commonly found finger webs & fingers) Burrowing usually ends w/ papule, vesicle or pustule (i.e. scabies) |
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Secondary Lesions |
Lichenification Crusting Dystrophy Excoriation Scale Fissure Ulcer Erosion Hypertrophy (keloid) Granuloma
*Comes about because of tx or exacerbation of primary lesion |
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Lichenification |
Caused by chronic rubbing/scratching, which results in palpably thickened skin w/ increased skin markings & lichenoid scale i.e. chronic atopic eczema & lichen simplex |
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Crusting |
Scab, dries on skin surface |
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Dystrophy |
Degeneration or abnormal formation of the skin. It is often used to refer to nail diseases. |
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Excoriation |
Scratch mark or surface injury penetrating the dermis |
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Scale |
Increase in the dead cells on the surface of the skin |
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Fissure |
Crack in epidermis d/t excessive dryness |
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Ulcer |
Breakdown in epidermis |
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Erosion |
Superficial loss of epidermis from friction/rubbing |
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Hypertrophy (keloid) |
Excessive growth of scarred tissue |
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Granuloma |
CHRONIC inflammation in which there are several types of inflammatory cells incl giant cells. Form in response to foreign bodies, infections, & inflamm skin dz |