Skills Cold, Cough, And Allergic Rhinitis Kuma

Front 1

Allergic Rhinitis

Back 1

S&S: Watery eyes; itchy nose, eyes, throat or palate; congestion or clear rhinorrhea; NO FEVER; fatigue, irritability, malaise and cognitive impairment; order of symptoms: nasal congestion, sore throat, “barking cough”

Front 2

Asthma

Back 2

S&S: Cough, dyspnea, wheezing

Front 3

Cold

Back 3

S&S: Symptoms usually appear 1-3 days after infection
• Sore throat 1st, then followed by nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, sneezing and cough
• Patients may have chills, headache, malaise, myalgia or low-grade fever
• Sore throat resolves quickly (within 1-2 days)
• Nasal symptoms dominate by day 2 or 3 and cough can appear by day 4 or 5 (cough worsens in the morning upon first waking up due to postnasal drip, and is last symptom to leave)
• Symptoms persist for about 7 days

Front 4

Bacterial throat infection

Back 4

S&S: Sudden and severe sore throat, fever (101.5F or higher), white or yellow spots on the back of a bright red throat, and tender anterior cervical adenopathy (swollen tonsils and lymph nodes)

Front 5

Croup

Back 5

S&S: Fever, rhinitis and phayngitis initially. Progresses to cough (may be “barking cough”), stridor and dyspnea

Front 6

Influenza

Back 6

Myalgia, arthralgia, sore throat, nonproductive cough, anorexia, nausea, HIGH FEVER

Front 7

Otitis media

Back 7

S&S: Ear popping, ear fullness, otalgia, otorrhea, hearing loss, dizziness

Front 8

Pneumonia or bronchitis

Back 8

S&S: Chest tightness, wheezing, dyspnea, productive cough, persistent fever

Front 9

Sinusitis

Back 9

S&S: Tenderness over the sinuses, facial pain aggravated by Valsalva’s maneuver or postural changes, fever >101.5º F, tooth pain, upper respiratory tract symptoms for >7days with poor response to decongestants, HIGH FEVER

Front 10

Whooping cough

Back 10

S&S: Initial catarrhal phase (rhinorrhea, sneezing, mild cough, sneezing) of 1-2 weeks, followed by 1-6 weeks of paroxysmal coughing

Front 11

West Nile virus infection

Back 11

S&S: Fever, headache, fatigue, rash, swollen lymph glands and initially eye pain; possibly progressing to GI distress, CNS changes, seizures or paralysis

Front 12

Indications for decongestants

Back 12

Temporary relief of nasal and eustachian tube congestion and for nasal congestion associated with postnasal drip.

Pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine

Front 13

Indications for antihistamines

Back 13

Antihistamines are indicated for relief of itching, sneezing and rhinorrhea as well as relief of immediate hypersensitivity reactions. First generation antihistamines have anti-cholinergic effects (dry eyes, dry mouth and fluid retention (decreased urine)). Fast acting (compared to mast-cell stabilizers).

Front 14

OTC products for the common cold

Back 14

Decongestants-Sinus and nasal congestion, cough associated post nasal drip (pseudoephedrine or phenylephrine)
Anesthetic lozenges-pharyngitis
Systemic analgesics-pharyngitis (APAP)
Antihistamines (First generation)-Rhinorrhea, sneezing (diphenhydramine)
Antitussives-Non-productive cough (dextromethorphan)
Systemic antipyretics-Fever (APAP)

Front 15

OTC products for cough

Back 15

Systemic antitussives-Control or eliminate coughs
Ex: codeine (gold standard)—suppression of nonproductive cough (dextromethorphan is the OTC product)
Topical antitussives-Control or eliminate coughs (camphor and menthol)
Expectorants (Protussives)-Ineffective productive cough(increases volume of sputum)
-->Guaifinesin

Front 16

Indications for antitussives

Back 16

For the suppression of nonproductive cough caused by chemical or mechanical respiratory tract irritation (post-nasal drip or ACE-inhibitor).

Dextromethorphan

Front 17

OTC products for allergic rhinitis

Back 17

Decongestants-Sinus and nasal congestion, cough (psedoephedrine, phenylephrine)
Antihistamines-Rhinorrhea, sneezing, itching (Diphenhydramine, chlorpheniramine)
Intranasal cromolyn (mast cell stabilizer)-rhinorrhea, sneezing, itching