Skeletal System, Immune System, Organs

Front 1

what 3 things does the skeletal system do?

Back 1

provides support for the body; protects vital organs; produces blood cells

Front 2

What is bone, and what are the types of bone?

Back 2

hard and rigid tissue; spongy and compact

Front 3

How many bones in a human?

Back 3

206

Front 4

What is produced by red bone marrow?

Back 4

red blood cells

Front 5

What is spongy bone like?

Back 5

grid-like structures

Front 6

Describe compact bone?

Back 6

outside perimeter

Front 7

What is cartilage?

Back 7

tough, flexible connective tissue

Front 8

Where is cartilage found?

Back 8

nose, ears, skeleton of human fetus until 3rd month

Front 9

What are ligaments?

Back 9

connective tissue that connects bone to bone

Front 10

What are tendons?

Back 10

connective tissue that connects bone to muscles

Front 11

Where are the phalanges?

Back 11

feet and hands

Front 12

What are the arm bones?

Back 12

radius, ulna, humerus

Front 13

Name the leg bones?

Back 13

femur, fibula, tibia and knee has the patella

Front 14

Where are the tarsals?

Back 14

the foot

Front 15

Where are the carpals?

Back 15

the wrists

Front 16

What are the 3 primary functions of the integumentary system?

Back 16

regulates body temperature; 1st line of defense from disease, protects from ultraviolet light through vitamin D production

Front 17

What are the parts of the integumentary system?

Back 17

epidermis (skin), and its appendages including hair and nails

Front 18

Parts of the integumery system?

Back 18

top layer, is epidermis - dead skin cells; dermis is thick layer of skin

Front 19

Parts of the dermis?

Back 19

sebaceous glands, hair follicles, sweat glands

Front 20

Where is the hypodermis?

Back 20

layer below the dermis

Front 21

What do the sebaceous glands produce?

Back 21

oil

Front 22

What do the sweat glands do?

Back 22

regulate body temperature and get rid of blood's waste

Front 23

What are the primary functions of the muscle system?

Back 23

allows the body to move; allows blood to circulate and moves food through the digestive system

Front 24

what are the three types of muscle?

Back 24

skeletal, smooth, cardiac

Front 25

What is skeletal muscle?

Back 25

muscles that are under conscious control and enable the body to move; voluntary; striated in bands; ex: biceps; strong, quick; discontinuous

Front 26

What is smooth muscle?

Back 26

unstriated; involuntary; ex: digestive system; weak, slow,

Front 27

What is cardiac muscle?

Back 27

heart; involuntary; constantly working; strong and quick

Front 28

What is the primary function of the excretory system?

Back 28

to remove waste

Front 29

What system filters blood to produce urine?

Back 29

urinary system

Front 30

What do the kidneys do?

Back 30

remove waste from the blood and form urine

Front 31

What part of the kidneys removes waste and forms urine?

Back 31

nephrons

Front 32

What does the ureter do?

Back 32

carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder

Front 33

What does the bladder do?

Back 33

a sac which holds urine; when full smooth muscle of bladder signals to the brain

Front 34

What moves urine from the bladder out of the body?

Back 34

the urethra and a sphincter muscle

Front 35

Parts of the digestive system?

Back 35

mouth, teeth, jaws, tongue,cheek, enzymes, esophagus, stomach. liver, gallbladder, small intestine, large intestine

Front 36

Function of the digestive system?

Back 36

chemical and mechanical digestion

Front 37

What are the parts of the small intestine?

Back 37

duodenum, jejunum, ileum

Front 38

What valve joins the small and large intestines?

Back 38

ileocecal valve

Front 39

What are the parts of the large intestine?

Back 39

ascending colon, transverse colon, sigmoid, rectum

Front 40

What are the digestive fluids in the stomach?

Back 40

hydrochloric acid (HCl), pepsin

Front 41

What is pepsin and its function?

Back 41

an enzyme that digests protein

Front 42

What does HCl do in the stomach?

Back 42

kill bacteria, denature proteins

Front 43

What muscle movement occurs in the esophagus?

Back 43

peristalsis

Front 44

What is secreted by the lining of the esophagus?

Back 44

mucus

Front 45

What type of muscles are at the top and bottom of the esophagus?

Back 45

sphincter muscles

Front 46

What shape is the stomach?

Back 46

=shaped

Front 47

What blocks food from entering the trachea?

Back 47

the epiglottis

Front 48

What blocks food from entering the nose?

Back 48

the uvula

Front 49

What is in saliva?

Back 49

mucin to lubricate, buffers to neutralize acids, antibacterial agents and amylase which converts starch to protein

Front 50

What does the gallbladder store?

Back 50

bile which breaks down food

Front 51

What makes bile?

Back 51

the liver and gallbladder

Front 52

What is in bile?

Back 52

salts which emulsify fat so it can be digested

Front 53

What do teeth do?

Back 53

grind food to increase the surface area

Front 54

What is the function of the large intestine?

Back 54

to re-absorb water and absorb nutrients; produce feces; contains bacteria including E.coli, Acidophilus spp. and Candida

Front 55

What is the pancreas?

Back 55

a gland organ in the digestive and endocrine systems of vertebrates

Front 56

What does the pancreas produce?

Back 56

hormones: insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, pancreatic juice: digestive enzymes which pass to the small interstine

Front 57

What is the respiratory system function?

Back 57

supply the body with oxygen in order for the blood to deliver oxygen to all parts of the body

Front 58

Parts of the respiratory system?

Back 58

lungs made of alveoli which are tiny air sacs; mouth, nose, trachea which splits into bronchus which split into brochial tubes, epiglotis, pharynx, diaphragm

Front 59

What do the lungs do?

Back 59

take in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide

Front 60

What distributes the oxygen to the body cells?

Back 60

red blood cells

Front 61

What does the trachea do?

Back 61

filters air breathed

Front 62

What do the bronchi do?

Back 62

carry air from the trachea to the lungs

Front 63

What does the diaphragm do?

Back 63

Contracts to enlarge the lung space and pull air into the lungs then expands to reduce lung space and force air out

Front 64

What provides filtering in the nose?

Back 64

nasal hairs that line the nostrils

Front 65

What do the nasal cavity and sinuses do?

Back 65

warm and humidify air

Front 66

What does the larynx do?

Back 66

produces sound though vibration

Front 67

What are hiccups?

Back 67

Hiccups are spasms of the diaphragm thought to be caused by not enough CO2 in the body. Thus, hiccups are frequently cured by breathing into a paper bag.

Front 68

What is the primary function of the circulatory system?

Back 68

transport nutrients, gases, hormones, etc through the body to fight disease, stabilize body temperature and stabilize pH

Front 69

Name the main parts of the heart:

Back 69

4 chambers: 2 ventricles and 2 atria - left and right