Skeletal System

Front 1

Articular cartilage

Back 1

Thin layer of cartilage that covers the ends of the long bones and the surface of the joints.

Front 2

Bone depressions

Back 2

Concave, indented areas or openings in bones.

Front 3

Bone markings

Back 3

Specific features of individual bones.

Front 4

Bone processes

Back 4

Projections or outgrowths of bone.

Front 5

Cancellous bone

Back 5

Spongy bone, not as dense as compact bone.

Front 6

Cervical vertebrae

Back 6

Bones of the neck, C1 through C7

Front 7

Compact bone

Back 7

Hard outer shell of bone

Front 8

Condyle

Back 8

Knuckle like projection at the end of a bone.

Front 9

Creat

Back 9

Distinct border or ridge, as in the iliac crest.

Front 10

Diaphysis

Back 10

Main shaft like portion of a bone.

Front 11

Epiphyseal line

Back 11

A layer of cartilage that separates the diaphysis from the epiphysis of a bone;also know as the epiphyseal plate.

Front 12

Epiphysis

Back 12

The end of a bone.

Front 13

False ribs

Back 13

Rob pair 8 through 10, which connect to the vertebrae in the back but not to the sternum in the front because they join the seventh rib in the front.

Front 14

Fissure

Back 14

A groove or depression in a bone, a sulcus.

Front 15

Flat bones

Back 15

Bones that are broad and this with flat or curved surfaces, such as the sternum.

Front 16

Floating ribs

Back 16

Rib pairs 11 and 12, which connect to the vertebrae in the back but are free of any attachment in the front.

Front 17

Fontanelle or fontanel

Back 17

Space between the bones of and infant's cranium; "soft spot"

Front 18

Foramen

Back 18

Hole in a bone through which blood vessels or nerves pass.

Front 19

Fossa

Back 19

Hollow or concave depression in a bone.

Front 20

Haversian canals

Back 20

System of small canals within compact bone that contain blood vessels,lymphatic vessels, and nerves.

Front 21

Hematopoiesis

Back 21

The normal formation and development of blood cells in the bone marrow.

Front 22

Intercostal spaces

Back 22

Spaces between the ribs

Front 23

Intervertebral disk

Back 23

A flat, circular, platelike structure of cartilage that serves as a cushion between the vertebrae.

Front 24

Long bones

Back 24

Bones that are longer than they are wide and with distinctive shaped ends, such as the femur.

Front 25

Lumbar vertebrae

Back 25

The vertebrae of the lower back, L1 through L5.

Front 26

Medullary cavity

Back 26

The center portion of the shaft of a long bone containing the yellow marrow.

Front 27

Ossification

Back 27

The conversion of cartilage and fibrous connective tissue to bone; the formation of bone.

Front 28

Osteoblasts

Back 28

Immature bone cells that actively produce bony tissue.

Front 29

Osteoclasts

Back 29

Large cells that absorb or digest old bone tissue.

Front 30

Osteocytes

Back 30

Mature bone cells.

Front 31

Periosteum

Back 31

The thick, white, fibrous membrane that covers the surface of long bone.

Front 32

Red bone marrow

Back 32

The soft, semifluid substance located in the small spaces of cancellous bone that is the source of blood cell production.

Front 33

Resorption

Back 33

The process of removing or digesting old bone.

Front 34

Sesamoid bones

Back 34

Irregular bones imbedded in tendons near a joint, as in the kneecap.

Front 35

Short bones

Back 35

Bones that are about as long as they are wide and somewhat boxshaped, such as the wrist bone.

Front 36

Sinus

Back 36

An opening of hollow space in a bone; a cavity within a bone.

Front 37

Spine

Back 37

A sharp projection from the surface of a bone, similar to a crest.

Front 38

Stenosis

Back 38

An abnormal condition characterized by a narrowing or restriction of an opening or passageway in a body structure.

Front 39

Sulcus

Back 39

A groove or depression in a bone; a fissure.

Front 40

Sutures

Back 40

Immovable joints, such as those of the cranium.

Front 41

Thoracic vertebrae

Back 41

The 12 vertebrae of the chest, T1 through T12.

Front 42

Trabeculae

Back 42

Neeledlike bony spicules within cancellous bone that contribute to the spongy appearance. Their distribution along lines of stress adds to the strength of the bond.

Front 43

Trochanter

Back 43

Large bony process located below the neck of the femur.

Front 44

True Ribs

Back 44

The first seven pairs of ribs, which connect to the vertebrae in the back and to the sternum in the front.

Front 45

Tubercle

Back 45

A small rounded process of a bone.

Front 46

Tuberosity

Back 46

An elevated, broad, rounded proscess of a bone.

Front 47

Vertebral foramen

Back 47

A large opening in the center of each vertebra that serves as a passageway for the spinal cord.

Front 48

Yellow Marrow

Back 48

Located in the diaphysis of long bones, yellow marrow consists of fatty tissue and is inactive in the formation of blood cells.