Skeletal System

Front 1

Bone functions

Back 1

Support and protection, body movement, blood cell formation, storage of fats, storage of inorganic salts

Front 2

Spongy bone tissue

Back 2

Porous bone tissue. Bone mass is not organized. Openings within the tissue will be occupied by red bone marrow

Front 3

Compact bone

Back 3

Uniform and highly organized. Walls of long bones are compact bone tissue

Front 4

Long bone

Back 4

Links of the bone is greater than the width of the bone. Walls of bone are compact bone tissue but the ends of the bones are spongy bone tissue
Example femur and humerus

Front 5

Short bone

Back 5

Links and width of the bone are roughly equal. Contain more spongy bone than compact bone return example carpals and tarsals

Front 6

Flat bone

Back 6

Thin yet has a broad surface
Example skull bones and sternum

Front 7

Irregular bone

Back 7

No specific shape
Example facial bones and vertebrae

Front 8

Articular cartilage

Back 8

Covers the ends of the bone to decrease friction in a joint. Cartilage consists of hyaline cartilage

Front 9

epiphysis

Back 9

End of the bone made up of spongy bone tissue. Proximal and distal contain red bone marrow

Front 10

diaphysis

Back 10

Shaft of the bone. Mainly compact bone. Medial regions is hollow cavity called medullary cavity.

Front 11

Medullary cavity

Back 11

medial region of the diaphysis . Contains blood vessels nerves and yellow marrow

Front 12

Periosteum

Back 12

Fibrous yet vascular connective tissue covering of the diaphysis. Plays a part in bone repair

Front 13

Landmarks

Back 13

Site of attachment of muscles tendons and ligaments. Are also passages for nerves and blood vessels.

Front 14

Osteon

Back 14

Functional and structural unit of compact bone

Front 15

Central canal

Back 15

Opening that extends longitudinally and contains blood vessels and nerves

Front 16

Perforating canal

Back 16

Opening that extends perpendicular or transverse to the central canal. Contains blood vessels and nerves. Connects the central canal

Front 17

Osteocytes

Back 17

Mature fixed bone cell in a chamber called Lucuna. Will lay down bone mass around them

Front 18

lamella

Back 18

Concentric ring of bone mass around the central canal. There are several rings surrounding the central canal. Collagen calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate

Front 19

canlicilulus

Back 19

Tiny to know that radiates from the Lacuna to transport nutrients and wastes among the osteocytes.

Front 20

Osteoblast

Back 20

Bone building so. Appear during bone formation and bone repair to deposit calcium in bone tissue. Can reside permanently in bone tissue to become osteocytes

Front 21

Osteoclast

Back 21

Bone breaking cells. Release calcium from bones if calcium levels are low in the blood and will form the medullary cavity during bone development

Front 22

Joints

Back 22

Articulations between bones. Find parts of the skeletal system, make bone growth possible, permit parts of the skeleton to change shape during childbirth, enable the body to move in response to skeletal muscle contractions

Front 23

Fibrous joints

Back 23

Dense connective tissue between bones. Movable joints

Front 24

synarthroctic

Back 24

immovable joints

Front 25

Cartilaginous joints

Back 25

Hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage between bones. Limited movement

Example fibrocartilage discs between vertebrae pubis of the pelvic girdle costal cartilage of the first ribs

Front 26

Synovial joints

Back 26

More complex free movements

Front 27

amphiarthrotic

Back 27

limited movement

Front 28

diarthrotic

Back 28

free movement

Front 29

Joint capsule

Back 29

Outermost covering of the joints. Allow for ligaments to attach in order to reinforce the joint

Front 30

Synovial membrane

Back 30

Connected membrane that is the inner membrane of the synovial joint. Thin and vascular

Front 31

Joint cavity

Back 31

Space enclosed laterally by the synovial membrane and the superior and inferior edges are the epiphysis of the bone

Front 32

Meniscus

Back 32

A flattened fibrocartilage pad located between the articulating surfaces of the bone to aid in movement and serve as shock absorbers

Front 33

bursa

Back 33

Fluid filled sac located near the between tendons and bone prominences 28 intended move it and to cushion the joint

Front 34

Ball and socket

Back 34

Consist of a bone with a globular or egg shaped head articulating with the cup-shaped cavity of another bone

Front 35

Condyloid

Back 35

Consist of an ovoid condyle fitting into an elliptical cavity

Front 36

Gliding joint

Back 36

Where surfaces are nearly flat or slightly curved allowing a back-and-forth motion

Front 37

Hinge joint

Back 37

Convex surface fits into a concave surface

Front 38

Pivot joints

Back 38

When a cylindrical surface rotates within a ring of bone and fibrous tissue

Front 39

Saddle joints

Back 39

Where articulating surfaces have both concave and convex areas

Front 40

flexi on

Back 40

Angle decreases parts become closer

Front 41

Extension

Back 41

Angle increases parts move farther apart

Front 42

dorsi flexion

Back 42

Ankle foot closer to Shin

Front 43

Plantar flexion

Back 43

Baby have a bath I will do it honey further from shin

Front 44

Hyperextension

Back 44

Abnormal extension beyond normal range

Front 45

Abduction

Back 45

Moving part away from midline

Front 46

adduction

Back 46

Moving part toward midline

Front 47

Rotation

Back 47

Moving part around axis

Front 48

Circumduction

Back 48

Moving part so it ends follow circular path

Front 49

Pronation

Back 49

Palm downward

Front 50

Supination

Back 50

Palm upward

Front 51

Eversion

Back 51

Sole of foot outward

Front 52

Inversion

Back 52

Sole of foot inward

Front 53

Retraction

Back 53

Part backward

Front 54

Protraction

Back 54

Part forward
Thrusting head forward

Front 55

Elevations

Back 55

Raising a part

Front 56

Depression

Back 56

Lowering a parts