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108 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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meatus p or d
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d
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general shape of the thoracic cage is
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inverted cone
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reduction is
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realignment of broken ends
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diaphysis
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the shaft of the bone made of compact bone made of compact bone
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metacarpal:l,s,f,i
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s
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site of longitudal growth in a child
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epiphyseal plate
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after reduction...
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immobilization
healing time 6-8 weeks |
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Examples of appendicular skeleton
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limbs, girldles
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condyle projection or depression?
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projection
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surrounds joints
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articular capsule
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long bone growth ends when..
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epiphyseal cartilage(plates) are completely converted into bone
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short bones
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long as wide
cube shaped mostly spongy |
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femur:l,s,f,i
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l
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diaphysis
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bone shaft
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spine p or d
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p
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characteristics of long bones
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longer than wide
expand at the ends mostly compact |
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after birth all cartilage is converted into bone except
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epiphyseal plates-GROWTH PLATES
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all ribs articulate with
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throaric vertebrae
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ossification happens in.
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utero
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the skeletal system contains__ bones.
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206, with the exception of the tail bone which can have 3-5 bones.
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bone is ___and___tissue
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active and dynamic it is constantly growing in responce to
calcium levels in the blood gravity |
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the point of fushion of the three bone sformaing a coxal bone is the
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astiblium
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mandible:l,s,f,i
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f
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grow out of the bone
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projections/processes
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bone is ___and___tissue
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active and dynamic it is constantly growing in responce to growth
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3 types of joints
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1.synarthrosis
2.amphiarthorisis 3.diathrosis |
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bone fractures are treated by ___
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reduction
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Examples of Axial skeleton
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skull,spine,ribs,sternum
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2 steps of ossification
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hyaline cartilage becomes covered by bone (osteoblasts)
hyaline cartilage is diagnosed,opening up a medullary cavity |
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synovial joint structure...
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space between joints
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ramus p or d
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p
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flat bones
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thin
flattened layer of spongy bone sandwhiched between compact bones |
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when calcium levels are low..
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the parathyroid gland activates the osteoclasts(destroy bones so that you'll have calcium)
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inside joints
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synovial disc
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after birth most hyaline cartilage has been converted into bone except
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articular cartilage (bone ends) very important in reducing friction on joint surfaces
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articular cartilage
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covers the epiphysis decreases friction at the joints
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which bone's growth is controlled by the growth hormone (gh) during puberty
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long bone
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fluid between joints
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synovial fluid
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open reduction
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requires surgery bone are secured with pins and wires
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mature bone cells located in tiny cavities called lacunae
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osteocytes
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calcaneus:long,short,flat,irregular
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s
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6 types of synovial joints
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1.ball and socket(shoulder)
2.EILLIPSODIAL(CARPALS) 3.gliding hinge(sternum/clavicle) 4.pivot(radius/ulna) 5.saddle(metacarpal/carpal) 6.hinge(ankle/elbow) |
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crest p or d
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p
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in infants marrow is..
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red
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tuberosity p or d
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p
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diathroses
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movibility, ball and socket
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head p or d
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p
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bones are classified by..
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size and shape
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when calcium levels are high
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calcium is deposited in the bone matrix as hard calcium salts
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synthroses
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no mevement(head)
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bones are coaxed back by physiscans hand
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closed reduction
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Characteristics of spongy bone
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small needle like pieces of bone and lots of open space
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radius:l,s,f,i
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l
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cavity where fluid is
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bursae
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foramen p or d
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d
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lacunae
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arranged in concentric circles called amellae around central canals
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humerus:l,s,f,i
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l
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space between two bones that articulate
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synovial cavity
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fissure p or d
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d
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bone markings..
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indicate where muscles,tendons,and ligaments attach
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frontal:l,s,f,i
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f
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recieves the weight of body when sitting
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ischial tuberosity
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Characteristics of compact bone
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dense, smooth, homogeneous
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amphiathroses
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slight movement, vertebrae
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What is the name of a bone doctor?
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orthopedist
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sternum:l,s,f,i
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f
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5 functions of the skeletal system.
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1.protection
2.support 3.movement(muscle attachment) 4.storage(mostly calcium,some fat) 5.hematopoiesis(blood cell formation) |
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vertebra:l,s,f,i
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i
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irregular bones
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odd shaped
don't fit into other categories |
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site of compact bone in adult
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diaphysis
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yellow marrow
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medullary cavity
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site of spongy bone in adults
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ephysis
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periousteum
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a layer of fibrous connective tissue that covers and protects the diaphysis
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3 steps to repair a fracture
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1.hematoma forms
2.fibrocartilage callus 3.bony callus forms |
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sesamoid bones
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round,embedded in tendons
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ribs 1-7 are called
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true ribs
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ends of the long bone
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epiphysis
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cartilage between bones
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articular disc
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central canal through which blood vessels and nerve fibers run
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haversian canal
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site of fat storage
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yellow marrow cavity medullary cavity
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depressions/cavities
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indentations in the bone
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structure that encloses nerve cord
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vetebral arch
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a complex consisting of haversian canal and lamallae
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osteon
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outside joints
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fibrous capsule
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radiate outward from haversian canals to all lacuane, form a transportation system that connects all the bone cells to the nutrient supply through the bone matrix
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canalialli
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site of hematopoiesis in adult
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epiphysis
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bone formation
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ossification
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4 possible types of inflammation of joints
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rhuematoid arthritis
osteoporosis tendenities tmj |
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breaking of bone resulting in twisting forces
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spiral fracture
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the large nerve that must be avoided when giving buttocks shots is
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cyatic nerve
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this aspect of the skeleton convetys the sense of pain in bone and joints
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nervous
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fuse to from the hip bone(coxal bone)
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illium,ischium,pubis
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increases bone strength
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muscular
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regulates uptake and release of calcium
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endocrine
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bone is crushed, common in vertebral column
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compression fracture
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bone is broken cleanly, the ends don't penetrate skin
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simple fracture
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break common in children, bone splinters but break is incomplete
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greestick fracture
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non bony debris at the fracture site is removed by
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phagocytes
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two spianl curvatures well developed at birth are
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thoaric and sacral curvatures
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the __curvature forms when baby starts to walk
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lumbar
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osteoblasts come from
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pariosteum cavity
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fracture where bone ends penetrate the skin
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compound fracture
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provides vitamen d for absorbtion of calcium
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integumentary
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activates vitamen d
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urinary
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immovable joints in the cranium
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sutures
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soft spots also called
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fontanels
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the___curvature forms when baby starts to lift head
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cervical
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process of replacing cartilage is called
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ossification
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