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112 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Epimysium

A dense layer of collagen fibers, surrounds the entire muscle.

Skeletal Muscle

A complex organ containing skeletal muscle fibers

Perimysium

A fibrous layer that divides the skeletal muscle into a a series of compartments

Muscle Fascicle

A bundle of muscle fibers

Endomysium

A thin layer of areolar connective tissue that surrounds each muscle fiber

Endomysium

A thin layer of areolar connective tissue that surrounds each muscle fiber

Myosatellite Cells

Stem cells that function in the repair of damaged muscle tissue

Muscle Fibers

Sheathed in a delicate endomysium that contains capillaries, myosatellite cells, and the axons of the neurons that control the muscle fibers

Muscle Fibers

Sheathed in a delicate endomysium that contains capillaries, myosatellite cells, and the axons of the neurons that control the muscle fibers

Myoblasts

Groups of embryonic cells

Sarcolemma

Plasma Membrane

Sarcoplasm

Cytoplasm

Myofibril

Cylindrical structure 1-2 um in diameter and as long as the entire fiber

Myofibril

Cylindrical structure 1-2 um in diameter and as long as the entire fiber

Striations

Light and dark bands

Myofibril

Cylindrical structure 1-2 um in diameter and as long as the entire fiber

Striations

Light and dark bands

Myofilaments

Bundles of protein filaments

Myofibril

Cylindrical structure 1-2 um in diameter and as long as the entire fiber

Striations

Light and dark bands

Myofilaments

Bundles of protein filaments

Thin filaments

Most abundant


Composed primarily of actin

Myofibril

Cylindrical structure 1-2 um in diameter and as long as the entire fiber

Striations

Light and dark bands

Myofilaments

Bundles of protein filaments

Thin filaments

Most abundant


Composed primarily of actin

Thick Filaments

Composed primarily of myosin

Myofibril

Cylindrical structure 1-2 um in diameter and as long as the entire fiber

Striations

Light and dark bands

Myofilaments

Bundles of protein filaments

Thin filaments

Most abundant


Composed primarily of actin

Thick Filaments

Composed primarily of myosin

Sacromeres

• Repeating contractile units


• Each Myofibril consists of around 10,000


•Aligned end to end


• has a resting length of about 2 um

Myofibril

Cylindrical structure 1-2 um in diameter and as long as the entire fiber

Striations

Light and dark bands

Myofilaments

Bundles of protein filaments

Thin filaments

Most abundant


Composed primarily of actin

Thick Filaments

Composed primarily of myosin

Sacromeres

• Repeating contractile units


• Each Myofibril consists of around 10,000


•Aligned end to end


• has a resting length of about 2 um

H Band

The lighter region on either side of the M line

Myofibril

Cylindrical structure 1-2 um in diameter and as long as the entire fiber

Striations

Light and dark bands

Myofilaments

Bundles of protein filaments

Thin filaments

Most abundant


Composed primarily of actin

Thick Filaments

Composed primarily of myosin

Sacromeres

• Repeating contractile units


• Each Myofibril consists of around 10,000


•Aligned end to end


• has a resting length of about 2 um

H Band

•The lighter region on either side of the M line


•Contains thick filaments but no thin ones

M Line

Connects the central portion of each of each thick filament

Z Line

•Marks the boundary between adjacent sarcomeres.


•consists of actinins

Z Line

•Marks the boundary between adjacent sarcomeres.


•consists of actinins

Actinins

Interconnect thin filaments of adjacent sarcomeres

Z Line

•Marks the boundary between adjacent sarcomeres.


•consists of actinins

Actinins

Interconnect thin filaments of adjacent sarcomeres

Zone of Overlap

Thin filaments are arranged in a 6:1 ratio around each thick filament

Z Line

•Marks the boundary between adjacent sarcomeres.


•consists of actinins

Actinins

Interconnect thin filaments of adjacent sarcomeres

Zone of Overlap

Thin filaments are arranged in a 6:1 ratio around each thick filament

A Band

The dense region of the sarcomere that contains thick filaments

Z Line

•Marks the boundary between adjacent sarcomeres.


•consists of actinins

Actinins

Interconnect thin filaments of adjacent sarcomeres

Zone of Overlap

Thin filaments are arranged in a 6:1 ratio around each thick filament

A Band

The dense region of the sarcomere that contains thick filaments

I Band

• contains thin filaments and no thick ones


• extends from A band of one sarcomere to the A band of the next

Z Line

•Marks the boundary between adjacent sarcomeres.


•consists of actinins

Actinins

Interconnect thin filaments of adjacent sarcomeres

Zone of Overlap

Thin filaments are arranged in a 6:1 ratio around each thick filament

A Band

The dense region of the sarcomere that contains thick filaments

I Band

• contains thin filaments and no thick ones


• extends from A band of one sarcomere to the A band of the next

Transverse Tubules

Narrow tubes that are continuous with the Sarcolemma and extend into the sarcoplasm at right angles into the cell surface

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

Forms a tubular network around each individual myofibril

Terminal Cisternae

On either side of a T Tubule, the tubules of the SR enlarge, fuse and form expanded chambers

Terminal Cisternae

On either side of a T Tubule, the tubules of the SR enlarge, fuse and form expanded chambers

Triad

The combination of a pair of terminal cisternae plus a transverse tubule

Terminal Cisternae

On either side of a T Tubule, the tubules of the SR enlarge, fuse and form expanded chambers

Triad

The combination of a pair of terminal cisternae plus a transverse tubule

Calsequestrin

Protein

Actinins Actions

Interconnects the thin filaments at the Z line, creating an open mesh work at the end of the sarcomere

Actinins Actions

Interconnects the thin filaments at the Z line, creating an open mesh work at the end of the sarcomere

F-actin

Is a twisted strand composed of two rows of 300-400 individual molecules of G-actin

Actinins Actions

Interconnects the thin filaments at the Z line, creating an open mesh work at the end of the sarcomere

F-actin

Is a twisted strand composed of two rows of 300-400 individual molecules of G-actin

Nebulin

•A large protein that extends along the F-actin strand


•Holds the F-actin strand together

Actinins Actions

Interconnects the thin filaments at the Z line, creating an open mesh work at the end of the sarcomere

F-actin

Is a twisted strand composed of two rows of 300-400 individual molecules of G-actin

Nebulin

•A large protein that extends along the F-actin strand


•Holds the F-actin strand together

G-actin

Contains an active site to which myosin can bind

Actinins Actions

Interconnects the thin filaments at the Z line, creating an open mesh work at the end of the sarcomere

F-actin

Is a twisted strand composed of two rows of 300-400 individual molecules of G-actin

Nebulin

•A large protein that extends along the F-actin strand


•Holds the F-actin strand together

G-actin

Contains an active site to which myosin can bind

Tropomyosin

Strands cover the active sites on G-actin and prevent actin-myosin interaction

Actinins Actions

Interconnects the thin filaments at the Z line, creating an open mesh work at the end of the sarcomere

F-actin

Is a twisted strand composed of two rows of 300-400 individual molecules of G-actin

Nebulin

•A large protein that extends along the F-actin strand


•Holds the F-actin strand together

G-actin

Contains an active site to which myosin can bind

Tropomyosin

Strands cover the active sites on G-actin and prevent actin-myosin interaction

Troponin

Consists of three globular subunits

Myosin Molecules

A thick filament contains about 300 molecules

Myosin Molecules

A thick filament contains about 300 molecules

Titin

The core of each thick filament

Myosin Molecules

A thick filament contains about 300 molecules

Titin

The core of each thick filament

Free head

Two globular protein subunits.


During contraction, the myosin heads interact with the thin filaments

Myosin Molecules

A thick filament contains about 300 molecules

Titin

The core of each thick filament

Free head

Two globular protein subunits.


During contraction, the myosin heads interact with the thin filaments

Sliding Filament Theory

A skeletal muscle fiber contracts, thin filaments slide past the thick filaments.


1) the H bands and I bands get smaller


2) the zones of overlap get larger


3) the Z lines move closer together


4) the width of the A band remains constant

Myosin Molecules

A thick filament contains about 300 molecules

Titin

The core of each thick filament

Free head

Two globular protein subunits.


During contraction, the myosin heads interact with the thin filaments

Sliding Filament Theory

A skeletal muscle fiber contracts, thin filaments slide past the thick filaments.


1) the H bands and I bands get smaller


2) the zones of overlap get larger


3) the Z lines move closer together


4) the width of the A band remains constant

Synaptic Cleft

A narrow space, separate the axon terminal of the neuron from the opposing motor end plate