Skeletal And Muscular Systems Vocabulary

Front 1

Hydrostatic skeleton

Back 1

Made of water under high pressure. Elongates and contracts easily, not a good protective skeleton

Front 2

Exoskeleton

Back 2

Usually made of chitin, highly protective. No wide movements, molts and leaves itself vulnerable

Front 3

Chitin

Back 3

What exoskeletons are usually made of. Hard substance that covers and animal.

Front 4

Calcium

Back 4

One important mineral in you body. Necessary for muscle contraction, neuron communication, blood clotting, and for making bones stronger and denser.

Front 5

Phosphorous

Back 5

An important mineral. Needed for cell membranes, ATP, DNA, and RNA

Front 6

Axial

Back 6

Set of bones whose function is to protect vital organs (skull, ribs, spine, etc)

Front 7

Appendicular

Back 7

Set of bones whose function has to do with movement. Arms, legs, pelvis, etc.

Front 8

Fontanel

Back 8

The spaces between the skull, usually prevalent during infancy

Front 9

Lateral

Back 9

Sideways/horizontal

Front 10

Anterior

Back 10

Towards the front

Front 11

Posterior

Back 11

Towards the back

Front 12

Superior

Back 12

Bigger or higher

Front 13

Osteocyte

Back 13

The rings that are seen in bones. These are bone cells (osteoblats are young osteocytes/bone cells)

Front 14

Articulation

Back 14

To be able to move or bend. Having to do with joints in the body

Front 15

Histology

Back 15

The study of tissues

Front 16

Osteon

Back 16

Where new bone cells are made. Groups of rings

Front 17

Trabecula

Back 17

The little passages within spongy bone. They store red bone marrow

Front 18

Tendon

Back 18

Tissue that connects bone to muscle

Front 19

Ligament

Back 19

Tissue that connects bone to bone

Front 20

Peristalsis

Back 20

The form of muscle contraction that worms, intestines, etc. use. Head-to-tail waves of contraction to move themselves or something within the tissue.

Front 21

Antagonistic

Back 21

Muscles that produce opposite movements

Front 22

Fascicle

Back 22

Step below muscles. Group of muscle cells

Front 23

Muscle Fiber

Back 23

Below fascicles, muscles. These are the cells

Front 24

Myofibrils

Back 24

Below muscle fiber, fascicles, muscle. These are the tissues within the cells

Front 25

Myofilaments

Back 25

Below myofibrils, muscle fiber, fascicles, and muscle. These are actin and myosin, and aid with contraction

Front 26

Actin

Back 26

Provides a place for the myosin head to attach onto. A myofilament. Connected to the Z-line

Front 27

Myosin

Back 27

Myofilament. Not attached to the Z-line. Attaches to actin and pulls itself toward the center, therefore contracting muscle

Front 28

ATP

Back 28

Adenosine Triphosphate. Is an energy source for muscle. Interacts the myosin to attach the myosin heads to the actin

Front 29

Mitochondrion

Back 29

Body's ATP factory. Stores ATP for future use.

Front 30

Z Line

Back 30

Ending of the sarcomere. Provides a place for the actin to attach onto.

Front 31

Sarcomere

Back 31

The name for each group of the actin and myosin contained within two Z-lines

Front 32

Myosin heads

Back 32

The part of myosin that connects to the actin

Front 33

Tropomyosin

Back 33

Small bands that cover the places in actin where myosin can bind

Front 34

Troponin

Back 34

The locks that guard the tropomyosin. Only the calcium key can unlock these.