Shoulder Region

Front 1

what two bones make up the pectoral girdle

Back 1

clavicle and scapula

Front 2

Describe the curves of the clavical

Back 2

lateral half is concave anteriorly (it sticks out to the front), medial half is convex anteriorly (it curves back)

Front 3

acromioclavicular joint

Back 3

articulation of the clavicle with the acromion and the scapula

Front 4

where does the upper extremity make a bony attachemnt to the axial skeleton

Back 4

sternoclavicular joint

Front 5

what two ligaments attach the clavicle to the pectoral girdle? Where are they located?

Back 5

1. costoclavicular-medial end of the clavical to the 1st rib
2. Coracoclavicular- lateral end of clavicle to the coracoid process.This is a major stabilzer and damage can lead to a separated shoulder

Front 6

What are the 4 major muscles that attach to the clavicle? Minor muscle

Back 6

major-trapezius, deltoid, sternomastoid, pectoralis major
minor- subclavis

Front 7

The scapula is attached to the lateral end of the clavicle at the acromioclavicular joint by what ligament?

Back 7

coracoclavicular

Front 8

what are the 4 articulations that make up the shoulder joint?

Back 8

1. Glenohumoral joint
2. acromioclavicular joint
3. sternoclavicular joint
4. scapulothoraic joint (physiological joint)
(1-3 are synovial joints)

Front 9

What two ligaments strengthen the acromioclavicular joint

Back 9

1. acromiocalvicular ligament
2. coracoclavicular

Front 10

What ligament stabilizes the sternoclavicular joint

Back 10

costoclavicular

Front 11

What muscles make up the cuff

Back 11

Supraspinatus (posterior, above the spine of the scapula)
Infraspinatus (posterior, below the spine of the scapula)
Teres major (posterior, across the armpit, remember teres minor angles upwards, teres major runs horizontal)

Subscapularis-anterior side of the scapula, deep to the chest cavity

Front 12

Which muscles of the rotator cuff attached to the greater tubercule of the humerus? Which to the lesser?

Back 12

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor attach to the greater tubercule
subscapularis attaches to the lesser tubercle

Front 13

Which ligaments help to stabilize the glenohumeral joint

Back 13

coracohumeral, glenohumeral

Front 14

Name and describe the 3 bursa associated with the gelnohumeral articulation

Back 14

1. Subacromial bursa-superior
2. subdeltoid- lateral
3. subscapular- anterior

Front 15

What muscles make up the shoulder sling that holds the scapula to the thorax (scapulothoracic joint)

Back 15

1. rhomboid major
2. rhomboid mino
3. levator scapulae
4. trapezieus
5. serratus anterior
6. pectoralis minor
7. subclavius
"Rodger Rabit loves to smoke pot at 3:45 sometimes"

Front 16

Injury to the long thoraic nerve can lead to what deformity

Back 16

winged scapula. The long thoracic nerve innervates the serratus anterior which is responsible for holding the scapula against the posterior thorax

Front 17

If the scapula wings while the arm is abducted, what nerve to what muscles is injured

Back 17

the accessory nervet o the trapezius
contrast this to injury to the long thoracic nerve and impairment of the serratus anterior, this is displayed when the upper limb is flexed and dorsal pressure is applied

Front 18

With exception of the trapezius muscle which is innervated by the spinal accessory nerve and C3, C4, what spinal nerves innerveate the should muscles

Back 18

C5, C6

Front 19

Describe the blood vessel pattern that makes teh shoulder anastomosis

Back 19

-suparscapular
-dorsal scapular
-circumflex scapular
the anastomosis is located along the medial border and lateral borders within the infraspinatus fossa,
-there is a second anastomosis involving the anterior and posterior circumflex humeral

Front 20

What muscles are invovled in shoulder flexion

Back 20

pec major, anterior deltoid

Front 21

What muscles are involved in shoulder extension

Back 21

post. deltion, latissimus

Front 22

What muscles are inovoled in shoulder abduction

Back 22

middle deltoid, supraspinatus

Front 23

What muscles are involved in shoulder adduction

Back 23

teres major, latissimus, pec major

Front 24

What muscles are involved in shoulder medial rotation

Back 24

teres major, subscapularis, latissimus, pec major

Front 25

What muscles are involved in shoulder lateral rotation

Back 25

teres minor, infraspinatus, posterior deltoid