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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Charlemagne
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~768-814
1st Emperor after the fall of rome Wanted a united CHRISTIAN empire Crowned by the pope Lots of invasion and conversion attempts but doesn't hold |
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Why was Charlemagne important?
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Rulers protect the papacy and encourage faith while the Church legitimizes the rulers
Competition for 'who has more power' starts |
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Charles "The Hammer" Martel
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688-741
Post-Clovis Western Europe Christian Defeats invading Muslims Islam is restricted to Spain |
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Why was Charles "The Hammer" Martel important?
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Created space for the Carolingian dynasty and repels Muslims from Europe
Consolidates power for Christians Ally with the Roman church |
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Genghis Khan 'Temujin'
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1167-1227
Unifies fueding tribes to get out from under the chinese Becomes the Great Khan in 1206 Infighting ceases and he rules over 1-2 mil nomads and 500,000 muslims. Militaristic Illiterate but brilliant ruler Religiously tolerant Standardized laws in Mongolian script |
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Genghis Khan's Military
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Cavalry: fast, skilled, dangerous
Organized and trained Used battle tactics Superior fighting skills Unity and Discipline Allegiance to Khan Used reconnaissance and messenger forces Borrowed ideas from the conquered Slaughtered resisters/ spared surrender for a tax |
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Genghis Khan's Leadership of his troops
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Spoils of war went to men who actually fought
No mass slaughter or rape w/out permission. Punishment for cowardice or desertion Rewards and promotions based on merit, not family |
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Kublai Khan
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1215-1294
Became Great Khan in 1260 Khanate of the Khan (Mongolia) First non-Chinese to claim the Mandate of Heaven and rule China Claimed Mandate of Heaven in 1271 - Yuan Dynasty Tolerance Sponsors scholars and artists |
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Kublai Khan
Mongol vs Chinese |
No intermarriage
No civil service exam Chinese can't learn Mongolian script Mongolian women far more public and present than conservative Chinese women |
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Jizya and Dhimmi
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Origin of Islam - 20th c.
Muslims were only taxed for charity but non-muslims who wanted to live in peace and worship how they pleased had to pay a tax |
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Jizya
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Origin of Islam - 20th c.
Tax on non-muslims citizens in India under the Umayyad rule and Delhi Sultamate in the Byzantine Empire 1206 |
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Dhimmi
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Origin of Islam - 20th c.
Protected status granted to non-muslims as a result of paying the Jizya |
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Peasant's Crusade
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1096
Fuedal System War against all non-Christians Peter the Hermit and Walter the Penniless Crusaders and locals attacked Jews as Christ-killers Conversion or death 5000 dead Example of medieval anti-semitism |
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Muhammad
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570-632
The Prophet Born in Mecca to a merchant family but was orphaned young Educated Married a business woman who helped him gain status 610 - Gabriel delivers a vision from God calling him to follow he tries and his family is driven from Mecca 630 - Return to Mecca with enough support to conquer the city and then surrounding areas Dedicated gov. to Allah 632 - Dies without succession being concrete |
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Islam introduced by Muhammad
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People of the Book - Qur'an
Written down by his people right then and there Very simple - Five Pillars and no complex doctrine Gave Arabs an identity and unity |
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Mahmud of Ghanzi
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971-1030
"Sword of Islam" 17 destructive invasions into India Spreads Islam to the East Attempted forced conversion |
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17 Invasions fo India by Mahmud of Ghanzi
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1001-1027
Constant invasion of India, absorbed into society Converted Hindus to Islam Destroyed Hindu artifacts Muslims don't fit well into the caste system but are upperclass Forced conversions not very successful |
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Reconquista
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11-15th c
Desire to regain Spain fromt eh Muslims Crusaders make it personal vendetta Confident because they are fighting a 'Holy War' in the name of God Rapid assertion of Christian authority was aggressive Created Christian kingdoms: Castile, Aragon, Portugal Segways into Ferdinand and Isabella and the Inquisition It was successful and Catholics control Spain |
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Caesaropapism
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~330-1453
Emperor has 2 roles: head of state and head of church Ruler is blessed by God Legitimates the ruler Papal laws not followed b/c state is more important Pope's laws ignored Eastern part split b/w Eastern vs Western Christianity |
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Serfs
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Medieval Europe
Peasants Bound to the land Nuclear family Poor diet Emphasis on religion Serfs can buy freedom |
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Blood Libel
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Medieval Europe
Accusation that Jews kidnap Christian children, bleed them, and make motza with the blood Led to lots of violence Crusades only increase anti-semitism |
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Mansa Musa
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Devout Muslim King of Mali
Richest man in history... literally... so much money its not even funny. Charity being part of Muslim faith, he takes it a bit too far. Gives out so much gold on his Haj to Mecca, he collapses the fucking gold market for decades. Draws positive/greedy international attention to Islam Returns to Mali with arab scholars, such as architects |
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Justinian I
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R. 527-565
Tries to rebuild Byzantine Empire 533 goes on Western conquests Wars w/ Germanic tribes costly Italy falls after his death Build up Constantinople Hagia Sophia - First Christian Church Codifies Roman law Model for Modern Europe |
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Albigensian Crusade
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Crusaders target heretical Christians
Church targets people who 'aren't Christian enough' Cathars - reject material world, sacrements, and priests 1209-1229 - Pope Innocent III targets Cathars 1233 - Creation of the Inquisition 1 million dead |
