Sheep Brain Anatomy And Function

Front 1

Frontal Lobe

Back 1

Impulse control, judgement, language, memory, motor functions, problem solving, socialization, and spontaneity

Front 2

Parietal Lobe

Back 2

Processing of tactile information, integrating sensory information from various senses, and manipulation of objects

Front 3

Occipital Lobe

Back 3

Contains the primary visual cortex

Front 4

Temporal Lobe

Back 4

Speech/language functions, audition, object recognition, facial recognition

Front 5

Corpus Callosum

Back 5

the main bridge for communication between the hemispheres. Dorsal to the lateral ventricles Coronal section a/ vertical cut anterior to optic chiasm

Front 6

Anterior commissure

Back 6

Part of the olfactory tract cross here. Located ventral to the lateral ventricles - coronal section a

Front 7

Ventricles

Back 7

Interconnected fluid filled cavities that produce cerebrospinal fluid which then acts to cushion and protect the brain and spinal cord

Front 8

Lateral Ventricles

Back 8

located between the corpus callosum and the fornix - coronal section a/b

Front 9

3rd Ventricle

Back 9

surrounds the thalamus

Front 10

Caudate Nucleus

Back 10

important for voluntary movement - Vertical cut anterior to optic chiasm

Front 11

Putamen

Back 11

Receives input from sensory and motor areas and projects to the globus pallidus - Lateral and Dorsal to the Globus Pallidus

Front 12

Globus Pallidus

Back 12

Main inhibitory output from the basal ganglia to the thalamus. Also important for postural control. - Vertical cut anterior to optic chiasm, ventral medial to caudate nucleus

Front 13

Hyopthalamus

Back 13

Controls the pituitary gland. Responsible for maintaing homeostasis for factors such as blood pressure, body temperature, electrolyte balance, and body weight. - Mid sagital cut anterior to optic chaism

Front 14

Amygdala

Back 14

Responsible for the production of fear and anger related behaviours and possibly storage of fearful memories -Vertical cut posterior to optic chiasm, most ventral/lateral

Front 15

Thalamus

Back 15

Relay center for all sensory inputs (except olfactory input) before continuing to the cerebral cortex. Motor inputs also pass through here - Vertical cut posterior to optic chiasm ventral to fornix, vertical cut through pineal gland ventral to pineal gland

Front 16

Superior Colliculus

Back 16

together with the inf colliculus forms the tectum. Helps to orient the head towards something that is seen or heard (for vision this is called blindsight since this function remains intact even when primary visual pathways are non functional) - Mid-sagital cut later to pineal gland and medial to cerebellum

Front 17

Inferior Colliculus

Back 17

Responsible for auditory localization (determing the source of a sound in space) Mid-Sagital cut ventral to superior colliculus

Front 18

Hippocampus

Back 18

An extremely efficient memory center in the brain. Responsible for spatial memory and spatial navigation as well as some types of non-spatial memory such as contextual memory and episodic memory. Damage to this structure produces both anterograde and retrograde amnesia. - Vertical cut through pineal gland laterla to pineal gland

Front 19

Pineal Gland

Back 19

A small endocrine gland that contains photoreceptors. It is stimulated by darkness to produce melatonin, a process which is inhibited by light. Melatonin plays an important role in the maintenance of circadian rhythms. - Vertical cut through pineal gland, medial most object - Mid-sagital cut lateral to thalamus

Front 20

Olfactory Bulb

Back 20

an important component of the olfactory system. Analogous to the primary cortex of other senses, it extracts different components of odors, allowing them to be recognised. - Ventral view anterior most object

Front 21

Mammillary Bodies

Back 21

Appear to play a role in memory formation, since damage here produces anterograde amnesia. - Ventral view posterior to infundibulum/optic chiasm - Mid-sagital posterior to hypothalamus

Front 22

Optic Chiasm

Back 22

location where part of each optic nerve cross to the other side of the brain. Facilitates depth perception by allowing adjacent visual cortex neurons to receive input from different eyes. - Ventral view anterior to infundibulum - Mid-sagital cut anterior to hypothalamus

Front 23

Medulla

Back 23

Controls autonomic functions such as heartbeat and respiration - Midsaggital posterior to pons - Ventral view anterior to spinal cord

Front 24

Cerebellum

Back 24

Important for motor coordination and motor learning - midsaggital cut dorsal to medulla, Dorsal view - medial most object posterior to frontal lobal anterior to occipital lobe