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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Median Plane |
Divides the body into equal left and right halves
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Sagittal Plane
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Divides the body into left and right parts that are not necessarily equal
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Transverse Plane |
Divides the body inot cranial and caudal parts
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Dorsal Plane
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Divides the body into dorsal and ventral parts
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Left |
The animal's left
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Right
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The animal's right
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Cranial
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Toward the head; also the "front" surface of the limb proximal to the carpus or tarsus
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Caudal
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Toward the tail; also the "back" surface of a limb proximal to the carpus or tarsus
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Rostal
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Toward the tip of the nose (used ONLY on the head)
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Dorsal
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Toward the top (backbone) surface of the body; also the top/front surface of a limb distal to the carpus or tarsus
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Ventral
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Toward the bottom (belly) surface of the body
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Medial
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Toward the median plane
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Lateral
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Away from the median plane
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Deep
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Toward the center of the body or a body part
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Superficial
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Toward the surface of the body or a body part
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Proximal
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Toward the body (used for appendages)
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Distal |
Toward the body (used for appendages)
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Palmar
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Ground/back surface of front limb distal to the carpus
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Plantar
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Ground/back surface of hind limb distal to the tarsus
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Barrel
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Trunk of the body-formed by the rib cage and the abdomen
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Flank
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Lateral surface of the abdomen between the last rib cage and the hind legs
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Brisket
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Area at the base of the neck between the front legs that covers the cranial end of the sternum
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Poll |
Top of the head between the base of the ears
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Muzzle
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Rostal part of the face formed mainly by the maxillary and nasal bones
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Withers
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Area dorsal to scapulas
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Tail head |
Dorsal part of the base of the tail
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Hock
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Tarsus
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Stifle |
Femorotibial/fermoropatellar joint-equivalent to human knee
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Fetlock |
Joint between cannon bone (large metacarpal/metatarsal) and the proximal phalanx of hoofed animals
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Knee
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Carpus of hoofed animals
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Cannon
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Large metacarpal or metatarsal bone of hoofed animals
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Pastern |
Area of the proximal phalanx of hoofed animals
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Dorsal Recumbency |
Lying on the back (dorsal body surface) with the ventral surface facing up
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Lateral Recumbency
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Lying on the side-left lateral recumbency means left side down and right lateral recumbency means right side down
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Sternal Recumbency |
Lying on the sternum (ventral body surface) with the dorsal surface facing up
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Oblique Recumbency |
The body is tilted between dorsal or sternal recumbency and lateral recumbency; referred to by a combination of the other position terns
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Dental Arch |
The complete arched arrangement of upper or lower teeth; also known as the dental arcade
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Quadrant |
The left or right half of each dental arch
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Incisor Teeth |
The most rostral group of teeth
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Canine Teeth |
The teeth located just lateral to the incisor teeth
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Premolar Teeth
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The rostal cheek teeth
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Molar Teeth |
The caudal cheek teeth
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Crown
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The exposed part of a tooth above the gum line
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Root
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The hidden part of a tooth below the gum line
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Coronal
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Toward the crown of a tooth
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Apical
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Toward the tip of the root of a tooth
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Gingival
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Toward the gingiva (gum)
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Furcation |
The area where the roots of a multirooted tooth join the crown
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Mesial |
For canine, premolar, and molar teeth, the surface facing toward the rostal end of the mouth. For the incisor teeth, the surface or edge facing toward the center (midline)
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Distal |
For canine, premolar, the surface or edge facing toward the caudal end of the mouth. For the incisor teeth, the surface or edge farthest from the center (midline)
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Buccal |
Surface of a tooth facing the cheeks
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Palatal
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Surface of an upper tooth facing the hard palate
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Labial
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Surface of a tooth facing the lips
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Lingual |
Surface of a lower tooth facing the tongue
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Incisal Edge |
The cutting edge of a sharp tooth's crown
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Occlusal Surface |
The flat grinding surface of molar teeth
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Interproximal Space |
Space between adjacent teeth
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Interproximal Surface |
Surface of a tooth that faces an adjacent tooth
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