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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What did the RSV experiment in chick embryos prove?
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Cancer can be transmitted by a virus
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what role does pp60-src have with Tyrosine?
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It is a kinase so it phosphorylates/activates Tyrosine
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How does cancer "transmission" work in viruses?
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The mutated gene gets integrated into cell DNA
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What are the cellular effects of EGF?
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Epidermal Growth Factor: growth stimulation, glycolysis, increased nutrient transport
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What occurs after GH binds the EGF receptor?
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Dimerizes with another receptor molecule --> Tyrosine kinase domains (inside cell) bind ATP --> become activated --> cross phosphorylation occurs --> tyrosine on substrates can now be phosphorylated/activated
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What do ALL Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) do/require upon activation?
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dimerize
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How many mechanisms can a RTK's have?
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3: 1) Direct phosphorylation of signal molecule, 2) Conformational change - becomes docking site, 3) multi-subunit complex forming small g-proteins [triple kinase cascades]
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Are all tyrosine kinases receptors?
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No. ( src, Erb-b)
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What is the most common ligand for RTKs?
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GH (RTK = Receptor Tyrosine Kinase)
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What roles do JAK/STAT play?
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JAK is a tyrosine kinase that is near a receptor (which is NOT a RTK) --> phosphorylates STAT (a TF --> *DNA*)
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What "type" of tyrosine kinase activity is MAP associated with?
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triple kinase cascade
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How does the insulin receptor differ from other RTKs?
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It is synthesized and exists normally as a dimer
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What activates an insulin receptor kinases?
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INSULIN!
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What are the substrates of insulin receptor kinases?
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IRS-1, 2, 3, etc. (Insulin Receptor Substrates)
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How does insulin mediate the lowering of blood glucose?
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Translocation (moving into cell membrane) of Glucose Transporters (GLUT-2) on skeletal muscle cells (not liver cells)
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What is the primary way the Insulin works (it's main result)?
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Activates protein phosphatases (which de-phosphorylate key rate-limiting enzymes)
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