Sex Psych Final

Front 1

most accepted definition for love:

Back 1

unconditional positive regard

Front 2

3 components of rubin's scale of love:

Back 2

1. attachment- physical presence and emotional support
2. caring- concern for other's well-being
3. intimacy- wanting close, confidential communcation

Front 3

in rubin's study, weak lovers made less ___ than strong lovers

Back 3

eye contact

Front 4

6 styles in Lee's style of loving that characterize an intimate relationship:

Back 4

1. romantic (eros)
2. game playing (ludus)
3. possessive (mania)
4. compassionate (storage)
5. altruistic (agape)
6. pragmatic (pragma)

week 7 slides to know which is which

Front 5

Lee believes a successful relationship lie in finding mate who shares same...

Back 5

approach to loving, same style of love

Front 6

type of love between friends involves concern for the other’s well being

Back 6

platonic love

Front 7

type of love between parent and child, between family members, between lovers, between friends

Back 7

familial love

Front 8

passionate love:

Back 8

- infatuation
- Intense psychological feelings of tenderness, elation, anxiety, sexual desire and ecstasy
- occurs early in relationships & shortlived
- overlook shortcomings of partner

Front 9

compassionate love:

Back 9

-Characterized by a friendly affection for and deep attachment

- Based on extensive familiarity with the loved one

- Often involves a thoughtful appreciation of another

- Tolerance for another's shortcomings with a desire to overcome difficulties

- Passionate love is transitory

- more enduring

Front 10

3 components of sternberg's triangular theory

Back 10

1. passion
2. intimacy
3. commitment

Front 11

absence of passion, intimacy, & commitment is:

Back 11

non love

Front 12

intimacy alone=

Back 12

friendship

Front 13

passion alone=

Back 13

infatuation

Front 14

commitment alone=

Back 14

empty love

Front 15

passion + intimacy + no commitment =

Back 15

romantic love

Front 16

intimacy and commitment=

Back 16

companionate love

Front 17

all three components (intimacy, commitment, passion) =

Back 17

consummate love

Front 18

true or false- according to sternberg commitment & intimacy continue to build over time in a relationship

Back 18

true

Front 19

when we meet someone we are attracted to large amounts of ___ are released

Back 19

PEA
- over time tolerance to it builds up

Front 20

5 factors for falling in love w/ someone

Back 20

1.proximity
2. similarity
3. physical attractiveness
4. reciprocity
5. sociobiology

Front 21

T or F- greater proximity increases liking someone

Back 21

true- familiarity breeds predictability (greater comfort)

Front 22

___ defined as when someone shows they like us, we tend to like them back

Back 22

reciprocity
- increases self esteem

Front 23

heterosexual males place greater value into initial ___

Back 23

physical attractiveness

Front 24

___ defined as behavior explained by evolutionary needs

Back 24

sociobiology
- men attracted to younger women (more likely to reproduce)

Front 25

___ theory states that our primary motivation in life is to be connected with other people “survival need”

Back 25

attachment
- consistent & reliable parent models make infants trust the world

Front 26

3 types of adult attachment

Back 26

1. secure
2. anxious ambivalent
3. avoidant attachment

Front 27

true or false- You must love yourself and see yourself as lovable before you can believe and accept love from someone else

Back 27

true!

Front 28

people learn about relationships vicariously thru.... (2 things)

Back 28

1. family of origin
2. learning experiences

Front 29

true or false- according to gottman's research, its not the arguments but the way ppl argue what make a relationship successful or not

Back 29

true

Front 30

gottman- 4 horsemen of apocalypse

Back 30

1. critcism
2. contempt (eye rolling, name calling)
3. defensiveness
4. stonewalling (ignorning spouse)

Front 31

gottman- both men & women say that the quality of their ____ is the most important factor in marital satisfaction

Back 31

friendship

Front 32

What precedes the behaviour thoughts, feelings, biological state

Back 32

antecedents

Front 33

Actions that follow the antecedents

Back 33

behaviors

Front 34

What happens after the behaviour, in the short term and the long term

Back 34

consequences

Front 35

____ Is what you are doing increasing your chances of a rich, meaningful relationship

Back 35

workability

Front 36

resilienece formula
(4 approaches to any situation

Back 36

1. Leave
2. Stay and change what can be changed
3. Stay and accept what can’t be changed and live by your values
4. Stay and give up and do the things that makes the situation worse

Front 37

what percentage of people over 18 are single

Back 37

39%

Front 38

same or other sex couple living in the same household in a committed relationship but not legally married

Back 38

cohabitation

Front 39

true or false- rates of cohabitation raise as people get older

Back 39

false! highest from 15-24

Front 40

marriage in individualist countries

Back 40

- canada, US, europe, aussie, brazil
- love based unions
- stress individual goals more important

Front 41

marriage in collectivist cultures

Back 41

- india, asia, thailand, etc
- arranged marriages
- emphasize group goals over individual aspirations
- community & religious feelings more important than individual feelings

Front 42

marriage btwn 1 man and multiple women

Back 42

polygamy

- more likely in collectivist cultures (middle east & africa)
- HIV easily spread

Front 43

unions btwn 1 woman and several men

Back 43

polyandry

Front 44

Mosuo society is a ____ society

Back 44

matriarchal
- all children live in mother's house
- girl pregnant & brothers raise the child
- biological father serves no role
- "walking marriage"

Front 45

true or false- It seems that marriage can be good for you, for your mind, body and health

Back 45

true- men & women live longer, less illness, more likely to say they lived happy lives, sense of belonging, more sex, financial stability,

Front 46

what happened to marriage?

Back 46

1. Discrepancy between ideal and actual marriage practices
2. fewer support networks- family lives farther away
3. pleasure focused society
4. longer periods of single life prior to marriage (high expectations & independence)

Front 47

true or false- almost 50% of first marriages end in divorce

Back 47

true

Front 48

what fraction of 2nd marriages end in divorce

Back 48

2/3

Front 49

what percentage of divorcees remarry within 3 years?

Back 49

80%

Front 50

factors of more likely to have an affair

Back 50

- younger
- more interested in sex
- urban more than rural
- travel lots for job
- weaker family ties
- relationship dissatisfaction

Front 51

what are the 3 types of affair

Back 51

1. emotional involvement
2. sexual involvement
3. combined type

Front 52

romantic or sexual relationship initiated via internet and maintained by electronic exchanges

Back 52

cyber affairs

Front 53

multiple loving consensual relationships

Back 53

polyamory

Front 54

6 aspects of predicting dissatisfaction

Back 54

1. low ratio of positive to negative interactions
2. facial expression of disgust, fear, misery
3. elevated heart rate
4. defensive behaviors
5. verbal expression of contempt
6. stonewalling

Front 55

7 tips to increase satisfaction

Back 55

1. enhance your love maps
2. nurture fondness and admiration
3. turn toward each other rather than away
4. let your partner influence you
5. solve your solvable problems
6. overcoming gridlock
7. create shared meaning

Front 56

true or false- sexual satisfaction and marital quality are often found together

Back 56

true

Front 57

what percentage of people over 60 are sexually active

Back 57

50%

Front 58

to maintain sexual activity later in life ppl must...

Back 58

1. have prior interest in sex
2. regularity of sexual activity
3. good physical health

Front 59

engaging all of the senses (couples work towards not orgasming)

Back 59

sensate focus

- used by older ppl

Front 60

what are some physical benefits of sex

Back 60

- burns calories
- suffer fewer heart attacks
- endorphins make you feel "high" when orgasming
- could be a cancer prevention
- stress reduction
- fights illness

Front 61

Occurs when a person in an intimate relationship tries to dominate or control the other

Back 61

domestic abuse

Front 62

When people think of domestic violence what images do you think come to mind?

Back 62

intimidation, verbal abuse, physical abuse, social abuse, economic abuse, psychological abuse

Front 63

tactics to domestic violence

Back 63

Dominance
Humiliation
Isolation
Threats
Intimidation
Denial
Blame

Front 64

what is the cycle of abuse

Back 64

1. build up
2. standover
3. explosion abuse
4. remorse
5. pursuit
6. honeymoon phase
7. fantasy and planning

Front 65

first step to stopping the cycle of abuse is ____

Back 65

recognizing the abuse

Front 66

like abuse, sexual assault is also about ___ and ___

Back 66

power and control

Front 67

kind of rape when the victim is under age of consent (ranges from 14 to 18 and is considered rape regardless of the willingness of victim

Back 67

statutory

Front 68

type of rape where rapist is not know to victim

Back 68

stranger

Front 69

type of rape where rapist is known to victim

Back 69

acquaintance

Front 70

type of rate where assault by an acquaintance while on a date

Back 70

date rape

Front 71

how many women in universities are raped or attempted to be raped

Back 71

1 in 4

Front 72

rape is underreported because..

Back 72

1. self blame
2. fear, vulnerable
3. mistrust of police
4. fear of rapist
5. concern about publicity

Front 73

T or F-rape is only about sexual gratification

Back 73

false! also about power and control

Front 74

only ___ percent of rapes come to police attention

Back 74

15%

Front 75

true or false- 1/3 ppl believe that women are responsible for rape

Back 75

true

Front 76

what are some rape myths

Back 76

1. all women want to be raped
2. rapists are obviously mentally ill
3. men can't control their sexual urges

Front 77

sex addiction in men is called

Back 77

Satryiasis

Front 78

sex addiction in women is called

Back 78

Nymophomania

Front 79

straight porn is..

Back 79

- formula driven

Front 80

what percentage of sexual assault against women is acquaintance rape

Back 80

75%

Front 81

date rape drug thats odourless, colourless tranquiliser/sedative causing muscle relaxation and amnesia, 7-10 times more powerful than valium

Back 81

rohypnol

Front 82

date rape drug that's anesthetic properties with mind altering effects CNS depressant, lethal when combined with alcohol (exits body 6-12 hrs)

Back 82

GHB

Front 83

date rape drug causing nausea, dizziness, slurred speech, movement impairment, euphoria

Back 83

Special K

Front 84

what is the most common incest?

Back 84

brother-sister & first cousin

Front 85

what kind of sexual abuse of children is most reported?

Back 85

father-daughter

Front 86

T or F- sexual abuse of children can cause Victims may experience difficulties in intimate relationships or experience a lack of emotional or sexual fulfillment

Back 86

true!

Front 87

what are 4 componenets of sexuality?

Back 87

biological sex, gender identity, sexual irientation, social gender role

Front 88

the psychological sense of being male or female

Back 88

gender identity

Front 89

the extent to which people conform to what is regarded in our society as feminine and masculine behaviour

Back 89

social gender role

Front 90

___ is distinguished by an emotional, romantic, sexual or affectionate attraction to individuals of a particular sex

Back 90

sexual orientation

Front 91

Kinsey made a ___ point continuum to capture the spectrum of sexual orientation

Back 91

seven

Front 92

on kinsey's scale, 0 is..

Back 92

exclusively heterosexual

Front 93

on kinsey's scale, 6 is

Back 93

exclusively homosexual

Front 94

on kinsey's scale, men typical fall...

Back 94

at the far ends of the spectrum

Front 95

true or false- on kinsey's scale Placement on the scale can vary at different times within a lifetime

Back 95

true

Front 96

true or false- more men than women consider themselves homosexual in the US

Back 96

true (2.8% to 1.4%)

Front 97

true or false- women with low sex drives are bisexual

Back 97

false- have HIGH sex drives

Front 98

4 categories of bisexuality

Back 98

real, transitory, transitional, denial of gayness

Front 99

A temporary involvement by people who actually identify as heterosexual or homosexual.
Situational or contextual behaviour. i.e. prisons, boarding schools, college, etc

Back 99

transitory bisexuality

Front 100

Behaviour as identity of another sexual orientation is realized.
Often some behave, rather than identify, as bisexual as they ‘come out’.

Back 100

transitional bisexuality

Front 101

Can sometimes be an attempt to deny exclusive homosexual interests and/or avoid the full societal and/or familial stigmas associated with homosexual identity

Back 101

denial of gayness

Front 102

An attraction to both genders that begins in early life and continues into adulthood.
Can be expressed in many ways, and not necessarily ‘equal attraction’ to both genders. Focus on identity.

Back 102

real bisexuality

Front 103

true or false- female bisexuality has tripled in last decade

Back 103

true! more acceptance (male fantasy)

Front 104

true or false- asexuals do not masturbate

Back 104

false, they do. they just do not have interest in paired sexual expression

Front 105

Unhappy heterosexual experiences cause a person to become homosexual

Reflected in statements such as “All a lesbian needs is a good lay!”

Suggests that homosexuality is a default choice for people who have not had satisfactory heterosexual experiences

NO research support for this claim

Research findings: homosexual and heterosexual groups DID NOT differ in their frequency of dating during high school and fewer homosexual subjects reported that they enjoyed heterosexual dating

Back 105

by default theory (psychosocial theory)

Front 106

Young men and women ‘become gay’ because they have been seduced by older homosexuals, or they have ‘caught’ ‘it’ from someone

Implies that orientation is a choice or can be imposed onto someone during development
No research support

Research findings: sexual orientation is very often established before school age and most homosexual people have experiment sexually with someone close to their same age.

Not contagious – same sex parenting findings

Back 106

seduction myth (psychosocial)

Front 107

Psychoanalytic theory has implicated both childhood experiences and relationships with parents

Freud wrote that during normal development we all pass through a “homoerotic” phase. Freud argued that boys could become fixated at this homosexual phase if they had a poor relationship with their father and an overly close relationship with their mother

Homosexuality in females was seen as the result of penis envy

No research support

Research findings: Complete lack of research support for this theory.

No one aspect of family life can be singled out as “especially consequential” for either homosexual or heterosexual development

Back 107

Freud's theory (psychosocial)

Front 108

Research evidence of a link between gender conformity and homosexuality

Gender nonconformity: the extent to which an individual differs from stereotypical characteristics of masculinity and femininity during childhood.

Gender nonconformity is measured by asking respondents how traditionally masculine or feminine they were as children and how much they enjoyed boys or girls activities

Research: male and female homosexual adults are more likely to have experienced gender nonconformity during childhood than heterosexual adults are
1 in 2 homosexual males report gender nonconformity
4 in 5 homosexual females were not highly feminine in interests and activities
Similar patterns have been identified cross culturally

Back 108

gender nonconformity (psychosocial)

Front 109

true or false- Several studies have shown that male and female homosexuality is familial

Back 109

true

Front 110

Hamer said that homosexual males tend to have more homosexual relatives on ____ side of family

Back 110

mother's

Front 111

theory that some researchers suggest that prenatal hormone levels may influence sexual orientation (Dorner, 1976; Rahman, 2005). This finding remains controversial

When certain hormones are injected into animals at different prenatal stages, homosexual behaviour exhibited by offspring

Stress during prenatal development may increase chance of homosexual offspring

Back 111

prenatal factors

Front 112

steps to coming out

Back 112

1. self acknowledgement
2. self acceptance
3. disclosure
4. telling the family
5. involvement

Front 113

Written, visual, or spoken material depicting sexual activity or genital exposure that is intended to arouse (images or text)

Back 113

pornography

Front 114

erotic material consisting of depictions of sexuality which display mutuality, respect, affection and a balance of power

Back 114

erotica

"eros"= passionate love

Front 115

true or false- Research shows links between early sexualisation of children and development of eating disorders, anxiety, depression in teens

Back 115

true

Front 116

paraphillia Seen to be relatively benign and harmless as they are either solo activities or between consenting persons

Back 116

non-coercive

Front 117

sexual arousal from giving physical or psychological pain

Back 117

sadism (non-coercive)

Front 118

sexual arousal from receiving physical or psychological pain

Back 118

masochism (non-coercive)

Front 119

receiving enemas
early childhood explanations

Back 119

klismaphilia

Front 120

contact with feces, watching others, defecating on another
Reported to incites high level of arousal

Back 120

coprophilia

Front 121

contact with urine “water sports” or “golden showers”
Reported to incite high level of arousal for recipient

Back 121

urophilia

Front 122

Rubbing against unwilling victim
Usually male perpetrator
Perpetrator uses experience to fantasize and masturbate to at a later time

Back 122

frotteurism