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27 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Lack of Factor VIII-R causes what?
Von Willebrand Disease:
aPTT prolonged &
bleeding time prolonged
What is spherocytosis?
autosomal dominant
defective spectrin
splenomegaly
What are the immune mediated hemolytic anemias?
warm antibodies (IgG)- drugs, malignancies, SLE
cold antibodies (IgM)- mycoplasma pneumonia, mononucleosis, lymphoma
What are the key features of aplastic anemia?
bone marrow failure due to viral infxns, toxins, drugs (alkylating agents/chloramphenicol)
Plummer-Vinson
1. anemia
2. atrophic glossitis
3. esophageal glossitis
Fanconi Anemia
autosomal recessive
1. hypoplastic thumbs
2. absent radii
3. aplastic anemia
In what ds do you find Howell-Jolly bodies?
post splenectomy
(nuclear fragments)
Where do you find Pappenheimer bodies?
iron overload (siderocytes)
Causes of drug-induced neutropenia
1. alkylating agents
2. chloramphenicol
3. chlorpromazine
4. sulfonamides
5. phenylbutazone
What are the characteristics of hairy cell leukemia?
hepatomegaly
splenomegaly
poor prognosis
pancytopenia
TRAP
What are the subtypes of Hodgkin Lymphomas associated w/ poor prognosis and many Reed Sternberg cells?
mixed cellularity
lymphocyte depletion
What are 3 types of plasma cell neoplasms?
1. monoclonal gammopathy- IgG or IgA
2. multiple myeloma- IgG or IgA
3. Waldenstrom's- always IgM
What are the key features of Monckeberg's arteriosclerosis?
media calcific stenosis
"gooseneck" lumps"
small/ medium size arteries
asymptomatic
What are the five main steps of atherosclerosis?
1. injury of vascular endothelium
2. lipids & platelets adhere to damaged surface
3. leukocytes /platelets release growth factors--smooth muscle proliferation
4. macrophages become foam cells
5. foam cells aggreagate to "fatty streaks", the beginning formation of an atherosclerotic plaque
What is Wegener's arteritis?
upper respiratory vasculitis
lower respiratory vasculitis
glomerulonephritis
What are the key features of syphilitic aneurysm?
saccular
ascending aorta
a/w aortic insufficiency
Describe what mitral regurgitation occurs and sounds like
Occurs in: MI (papillary muscle), acute rheumatic fever, endocarditis
Sounds like: holosystolic murmur, transmitted to axilla
What types of congenital heart defects are found in cyanotic R to L shunts?
1. Fallot's tetrology
2. transposition of great vessels
3. persistant truncus arteriosus
Eisenmenger: reversal of L to R shunt due to pulmonary HTN
Name the four features of tetrology of fallot
1. pulmonary artery stenosis
2. R ventricular hypertrophy
3. overriding aorta
4. ventricular septal defect
What are the signs and treatment of Prinzmetal's angina?
1. occurs at rest
2. ST elevated
TX: Ca2+ antagonists
How long does it take an MI to heal?
8 weeks; microscopic scar and gross firm and grey scar
What are the signs and symptoms of Right Heart Failure?
1. Left sided heart failure
2. lung ds
3. primary pulmonary HTN
consequences:
1. increased venous pressure
-edema
-liver congestion (nutmeg liver)
-ascites
Name two types of non-infective endocarditis
1. marantic: a/w chronic illnesses; thrombotic
2. Libman Sacks: SLE; verrucous lesions of both sides of valve leaflets
What are the 3 types of pericarditis?
1. fibrinous
2. serous
3. suppurative
What are the major Jones criteria for acute rheumatic fever?
1. polyarthritis
2. erythema
3. subcutaneous nodules
4. chorea
5. carditis
What are the key features of bronchiectasis?
result of chronic infxns &
Kartagener's-- immotile cilia
What is the REID index?
Glands (B) / Wall (A)

ratio btw thickness of submucosal mucous secreting glands & wall thickness btw epithelium & cartilage of bronchi