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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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sensation
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state of awareness of external or internal conditions
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tactile (cutaneous) sensations
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touch
pressure vibration |
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pain sensations due to
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nociceptors (naked nerve endings, branching ends of dendrites)
overstimulated receptors reffered pain |
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reffered pain
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occurs when impulses from certain viscera are percieved as originating not w/ the organ, but in dermatomes of skin
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proprioceptive sensations
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give us a kinesthetic sense (limb placement and body part relationships)
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receptors of proprioceptive sensations
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1.muscle spindles
2.tendon organs -stimulated by tension at junction of muscle and tendon 3. joint kinetshetic receptors -in and around synovial joints 4. maculae (spots) in vestibules of utricle and saccule of inner ear 5. cristae of semicircular canals of inner ear |
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chemoreceptors
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in aortic bodies, cartoid bodies
can detect changes in concentration of specific chemicals or compounds |
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Olfactory receptors
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in nasal epithelium
olfactory cells w/ 6-8 cilia on a dendrite unmyelinated axons from cranial nerve 1 synapses w/ interneurons in olfactory bulbs not highly developed in humans |
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gustatory receptors
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in taste buds 2000 in #
made up of supporting epithelial cells, clusters of 4-20 gustatory cells |
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tastes and tast zones of the tounge
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bitter
sour sweet salt umami- taste associated with MSG |
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cranial nerves involved w/ gustatory
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mixed VII Facial (ant.2/3 of tounge)
mixed IX glossopharyngeal (post 1/3 of tounge) mixed X Vagus (throat and esophagus) |
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vision: accessory structures of the eye
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eyelids (palpebrae) superior and inferior
Meibomian glands secrete oil to prevent eyelids from sticking -lateral and medial canthus -lacrimal caruncles, and medial canthus |
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path of tears
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lacrimal apparatus
inferior meatus of nasal cavity lacrimal gland 6-12 ducts 2 puncta lacrimalia 2 lacrimal canals nasolacrimal duct w/ lacrimal sac |
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extrinsic eye muscles: rectus
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superior rectus-oculomotor nerve
inferior rectus-oculomotor nerve medial rectus- oculomotor nerve lateral rectus- abducens nerve |
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extrinsic eye muscles: oblique
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superior oblique- trochlear nerve
inferior oblique- oculomotor nerve |
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parts of the eyeball's fibrous tunic
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sclera (white of the eyeball)
cornea (transparent window) canal of Schlemm, or scleral venous sinus, is located at their junction (limbus) |
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vascular tunic of the eyeball
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continuous w/ arachnoid and pia mater
-choroid- thin vascular membrane -ciliary body w/ ciliary processes and ciliary muscle -iris= thin, pigmented w/ hole called the pupil |
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nervous tunic
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retina (organ of sight)
outer pigmented later of 1st 3 neurons in visual pathway primary neurons = photoreceptors rods and cones secondary neurons = bipolar cells tertiary cells = ganglion |
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rods and cones of eyeball
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rods- dim light receptors. most numerous, see shades of gray
cones- stimulated in bright light, red, green or blue responsible for visual acuity concentrated in central fovea of macula lutea |
