Sensory Alteraltion Nc3

Front 1

cerumen impaction

Back 1

excess cerumen blocks ear canal and impairs hearing. Ceruminolytic agents and lavage of ear can remove impaction and restore hearing

Front 2

otitis media

Back 2

inflammation of the middle ear, common cause of temporary conductive hearing loss. Tx includes topical heat and systemic analgesics and antibiotics for bacterial infxn. surgical tx. is called myringotomy

Front 3

labyrinthitis

Back 3

inflammation of the inner ear(cochlear or vestibular portion)s/s vertigo, tinnitus and sensorineural hearing loss on teh affected side. Rare condition since the use of antibiotics. Destruction of cochlea or labyrinth cause permanent deafness.

Front 4

presbyacusis

Back 4

sensorineural hearing loss associated with aging. Loss of higher frequency sounds related to degenerative changes in the inner ear, loss of hair cells, reduction of blood supply, diminution of endolymph production, decreased basilar membrane flexibility and loss of neurons in the cochlear nuclei

Front 5

otosclerosis

Back 5

most common conductive hearing loss, occurs because of pathologic changes in the bones of the middle ear. Fixation of ossicles reduces or provents sound waves to transmit in inner ear fluids. Women adults are more affected than men

Front 6

Meniere's disease

Back 6

tinnitus and vertigo. Unilateral fluctuating hearing loss. Known as endolymphatic hydrops. s/s are treated with antihistamines, antiemetics, benzodiazepines, diuretics, tranquilizers, vasoactive agents and oral niacin

Front 7

macular degeneration

Back 7

loss of central vision related to atrophy or deteriorationof the macula. Peripheral vision remains. associated with aging

Front 8

cateracts

Back 8

lens loses its transparency and/or becomes opaque. Associated with aging, but may be congenital, caused by eye injury or secondary to metabolic problems such as diabetes mellitus. Surgical removal and insertion of intraocular lens

Front 9

retinopathy

Back 9

changes in the retina due to poorly controlled diabetes. It is the leading cause of vision loss in adults under age 40

Front 10

glaucoma

Back 10

chanracterized by an abnormally high pressure of fluid inside the eyeball. Open-angle has a gradual rise in intraocular pressure, slow progressive loss of peripheral vision. Closed-angle have sudden attacks of increased intraocular pressure with a bulging iris which is an emergency situation. Iridectomy- an incision through the cornea to facilitate drainage of the aqueous humor

Front 11

conjunctivitis

Back 11

inflammation of the conjunctiva cause by bacteria, viral or rickettsial organisms, allergens, or irritants. s/s incluse itchy eyes, discharge, swelling, pain and redness. tx. apply warm compresses

Front 12

corneal abrasion

Back 12

injury or destruction through irritants to the outer surface of the eye

Front 13

retinal detatchment

Back 13

separation of the retina from the choroid. See sudden flashes of light or have floating spots, blurred vision that becomes progressively worse. Bedrest and a patch over one or both eyes used to restrict activity

Front 14

presbyopia

Back 14

associated with aging when the elasticity of the lens of the eye is lost. Near vision is lost but far vision remains the same

Front 15

hyperopia

Back 15

farsightedness. flattened eyeball or refractive system is too weak. Vision beyone 20 ft is normal, near vision is poor

Front 16

myopia

Back 16

nearsightedness. light focuses in front of the retina. Near vision is normal but distance is poor

Front 17

gait imbalance

Back 17

gait shortens and becomes less steady. Antalgic gait abnormality in the heel strike through push-off action. Lurch-swing phase abnormality

Front 18

falls

Back 18

second leading cause of accidental death in the elderly. Altered gait and decreased mobility are pathophysiological changes that occur with aging

Front 19

impaired hearing

Back 19

conductive, inability of sound waves to reach the inner ear because of cerumen, perforated tympanic membrane or fixation of the ossicles. Sensorineural, tumor, infection, trauma, exposure to loud noises caused destruction of the cranial nerve VIII

Front 20

deafness

Back 20

unseen handicap. Moderaltly severe loss 56-70 dB range, severely impaired 70-90 dB and profoundly deaf have greater than 91dB

Front 21

visual impairment

Back 21

decreased acuity, blurred vision, double vision, bling spots, holos, photosensitivity

Front 22

neurovascular deficits

Back 22

impaired pain perception and perception of temperature changes in extremities

Front 23

paresthesia

Back 23

burning, prickling, tingling sensation

Front 24

alterations in mental status

Back 24

confusion due to over or under stimulation with an inability to process stimuli. Disorientation, awareness of time, place, self is impaired. Slowed thought processes is not an normal part of aging

Front 25

strabismus

Back 25

inability of the eyes to focus in the same direction. Weak eye muscles and immature coordination

Front 26

rinne test

Back 26

use of tuning fork placed against the mastoid process and near the ear to assess hearing. Conductive hearign loss if the bone conduction of sound is greater that air conduction

Front 27

Weber test

Back 27

use of a tuning fork placed at the top of the head. Equal vibration should be heard in both ears. In conduction deafness vibration will be best heard in the affected ear. In sensorineural loss the sound is heard in the unaffected ear

Front 28

tonometry

Back 28

measurement of intraocular pressure. Elevated pressure reveals glaucoma.

Front 29

opthalmic medication

Back 29

analgesics, anti-inflammatory agents,steriods, lubricants. Myotic constrict the pupil and mydriatics dilate the pupil

Front 30

otic medications

Back 30

antibiotics, anti-inflammatory agents, topical analgesics and steroids, cerumenolytics

Front 31

antibiotics(aminoglycosides)

Back 31

can cause reversible hearing loss with high doses

Front 32

osmotic diuretics
s/s of high doses

Back 32

cause transient or permanent hearing loss

Front 33

myringotomy-post op

Back 33

lie on affected side to improve drainage from the middle ear.

Front 34

cochliar implants

Back 34

for profound deaf

Front 35

cataract surgery

Back 35

eye medication to prepare the eye for surgery. Implantation of an intraocular lens. Use of a patich over the affected eye, miotic eye drops and cold compresses for discomfort

Front 36

iridectomy

Back 36

provides for drainage of aqueous humor for glaucoma

Front 37

snellen chart

Back 37

tests visual acuity

Front 38

romberg test

Back 38

assesses for balance