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84 Cards in this Set
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- 3rd side (hint)
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tonic receptor definition and example
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are always active
eye photoreceptors various receptors that monitor body position |
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phasic receptors
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when change happened they get activate
like touch and pressure in skin |
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receptor classify simply to
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extroreceptors
proproreceptors introreceptors |
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propro receptor monitor
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position of body
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extroreceptor
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external enviroment
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interoreceptor
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condition onside the body
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nociceptor responsible for.. and locations
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responsible for pain
location: skin , joint bone periostea, blood vessels,some viserae |
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nociceptor receptor type
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nerve free ending with large receptive field
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three type of nociceptor receptor
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1-receptor sensitive to mechanical damage
2-sensitive to extreme temperatures 3- sensitive to dissolve chemicals |
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fast pain
where does it trigger ? rely to? |
stabing
triger somatic reflexes(affect muscle) relyed to primary sensory cortex and |
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slow pain
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aching
activates thalamus and reticular formation |
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temoreceptor
location? |
location: skin dermis, skeletal muscle,liver,hypothalamus
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thermoreceptor are tonic or phasy?
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phasy receptor
quickly adapt to temapture |
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pathway of thermoreceptor
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same as nociceptor(pain) send to reticularbformation , thalamusband primary sensory cortex
free nerve ending |
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mechanoreceptors types
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1-tactile
2-baroreceptors 3-proprioceptors |
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chemoreceptors
location? |
chemical compound
respiratory center(po2 and pH) carotid bodies ( pH/ po2/ pco2) arotic(pH/pco2/po2) water and liquid soluble |
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tactile what sense?
location? |
pressure,touch , vibration
loc: skin |
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fine touch receptors
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free nerve ending
tactile discs root hair plexus |
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root hair plexus respond to
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initial contract with hair shaft
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free nerve ending and tactile disc responded to
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light contact with skin
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pressure and vibration receptor
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tactile corpuscle
lamellated corpuscle |
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tactile corpuscle responded to
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initiate contact and low frequency vibration
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tactile corpuscle( meisser) responded to
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initial contact ( deep) and high frequency vibration
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deep pressure receptor
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raffini corpuscle
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raffini corpuscle responded to
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stretching and distortion of dermis
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lamellated corpuscle responded to
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initial contact and deep high frequency
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unencapsulated receptors are in:
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papillary layer of dermis
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unencapsulated receptors features
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tonics, small receptive field
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unencapsulated receptors measure
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fine touch , pressure,movement
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encapsulate Meissner's/ tactile corpuscle locations
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eyelid
fingerprint lip nipple genitalia |
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Meissner's shape
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coiled interwoven dendirit covered by Schwann cells in a fibrouse capsule
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raffini corpuscle location
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dermis
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raffini corpuscle features
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interwoven with collagenous fober s extending into dermis
fast adaptation |
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pacini / lamellated corpuscle location
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dermis
finger breast genitalia viscera |
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raffini corpuscle shape and feature
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slowvadaptation
denderit shielding in concentric cell layers |
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properioceptors
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monitor the position of joint tendon ligaments muscle
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muscle spindel are propioceptord that manitor
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muscle length
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Golgi tendon organ monitor the
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tendon tension
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baroreceptors located on
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carotid sinus and aorotic sinus
lung colon digestive tract bladder |
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sensory hununculus
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primary sensory cortex map
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how breathing is controlling?
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PONS: monitor blood oxygenation and chemistry
medulla obliganda: respiratory rythmic centerDRG+VRG chemo and baroreceptors stretch receptors |
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olfactory epitheli consist of
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olfactory receptors
supporting cells basal cells (stem cells) |
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olfactory organ consist of
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cribirofo plate
lamina propria olfactory epithelium |
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lamina propria contains:
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1-olfactory glands ( bowmann's gland):produce pigmented mucus
2-blood vessels 3-nerves |
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why the smell reminds emotions?
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olfactory os only sensation that reach cerebral cortex with out firs synaps in thalamus
extensive lymbic and hypothalamic connection help |
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three bone in middle ear
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malleus
incus stapes |
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two small muscle protect eardrum in noisy condition
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tensor tympani:stiffening tymanum
stapedius muscle: reduce movement |
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the receptors are housed within a collection of fluid filled tubes and tubes named
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membranous labyrinth
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endolymph
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the membranous labyrinth contain fluid called
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perilymph
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تتت
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membranous complex divided to
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vestibular complex
cochlear duct (hearing) |
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vestibular complex include
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semicircular ducts(rotation)
utricle and saccule( gravity and linear acceleration) |
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outer wall of perilymph has two small area
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round window( cochlear window)
oval window( base of stapes steak with annular ligaments) |
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hair cell attached to the walk of ampulla from raised structure known as
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cristae
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cilium of hair cell in semicircular ducts
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kinocilium
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kinocilia and sterocilia of hair cells are embedded in gelatinous structure nemed
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cupula
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pathway of vestibular sensation
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vestibular nerve viii go to vestibular nuclei between PONS and medulla obliganta
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the information from vestibular nucleus rely to
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1-rely to cerebellum
2-cerebral cortex--> conscious sense of position and movement 3-send commands to motor stem and spinal cord--> reflex commend to head eye neck |
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low ferqency detect by
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inside part of cochlear
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the irgab that separate tempanic duct from cochlear duct called
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organ of corti or spiral organ
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tectorial organ
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the hair cell of cochlear are in contact with it
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hair cell in cochlear
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just stereocilia
lack of kinocilia |
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round oval functions
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relieved sound
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cochlear turn is
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2.5
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cochlear in sectional view
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sound wave frequencies
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20-20,000hz domain
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first order neuron of cochlear branch
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exit spiral ganglion enter medulla
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second order neuron of cochlear branch
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some go to inferior colliculus of midbrain in oposide side
some inferior colliculus of same side some of them go to superior olivery nucleus for localizing sounds |
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the inferior colliculus func
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number of response reflex to muscular skeleton
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helicotrema
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apex of cochlear
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palpebrate
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eyelid
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tarsal gland or meibomian
location |
inner margin of eye lid
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tarsal glands
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secret lipid rich product that keep eye lids from sticking togethor
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muscles response to open and close eye lid
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elevator palpebrae superior is muscle
oblicularis oculi |
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eye muscles
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superior rectus,
medial rectus, lateral rectus inferior rectus superior oblique(rotation) inferior oblique |
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corneal lombus
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border between cornea and sclera
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white eye
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sclera
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cornea epithelium
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stratified squmous non keratinised epithelium
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cornea layers
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epithelium
basement substantial propria descement's membrane endothelium(simple squmousq) |
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choroid layers components
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choroid, ciliary body, iris
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choroid feature
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highly pigmented, light absorbance
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dilators of iris occurs by
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sympathetic nerves
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constrictors of iris occurred by
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parasympathetic netve
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iris muscles
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pupilary dilator muscles(radial)
pupilary consyrictor muscle(sphincter) |
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