Senses

Front 1

Somatic senses receptors

Back 1

Allow us to respond to stimuli such as touch, pressure, temp., and pain

Front 2

Phantom pain

Back 2

Pain where a missing appendage was

Front 3

Referred pain

Back 3

Feels superficial but is caused by an underlying organ

Front 4

Chronic pain

Back 4

(B fibers) slow pain, dull aching

Front 5

Acute pain

Back 5

(A fibers) fast pain, takes breath away- sharp localized pain

Front 6

Osmoreceptors

Back 6

Receptors in hypothalamus that sense levels of osmotic pressure in body fluids- thirst

Front 7

Propricoceptors

Back 7

Found in skeletal muscles- relates to movement and position

Front 8

Visceroceptors

Back 8

Located in internal organs

Front 9

Free nerve endings

Back 9

Found in most body tissue and sense pain, crude, touch, itch, and tickle

Front 10

Meissner corpuscle

Back 10

Fine to touch and low frequency vibration. There are 2 anatomical variations: krause end bulbs and ruffini corpuscles

Front 11

Ruffini corpuscles

Back 11

Found in the dermis of palms and feet and joint capsules; sense deep pressure and high frequency vibration, stretch-- least humorous in skin of the back

Front 12

Sclera

Back 12

Touch outer coat "white" of the eye

Front 13

Cornea

Back 13

Transparent part of the anterior eye

Front 14

Choroid

Back 14

Pigmented vascular (blood vessel) layer which contains iris

Front 15

Iris

Back 15

The colored part of the eye; changes in size or shape determines the size of the pupil

Front 16

2 types of sense organs

Back 16

General and specialized

Front 17

Pupil

Back 17

The hole in the center of the iris; contraction of iris muscle dilates or constricts pupil

Front 18

Retina

Back 18

Innermost layer of the eye ball ; contains rods and cones; contains nervous tissue

Front 19

Rods

Back 19

rhodosin receptors for night vision; rod-receptors that is more concentrated in the perioheal are of the retina

Front 20

Cones

Back 20

Receptors for day vision and color vision

Front 21

Special sense organs

Back 21

Tongue nose ear eye

Front 22

Sensory impulses ending in cerebral cortex

Back 22

Give specific awarenesses of a specific type if sensation, location and intensity

Front 23

Olfactory tract

Back 23

Carries impulses of smell

Front 24

Photoreceptors

Back 24

Found in the eye, this receptor responds to light

Front 25

Chemoreceptor

Back 25

Activated by: concentration of blood glucose; sense of taste and smell ex: noxious odor; olfactory and taste buds

Front 26

Nociceptors

Back 26

Intense stimuli that results in tissue damage

Front 27

Thermoreceptors

Back 27

Activated by hot or cold

Front 28

Mechanoreceptors

Back 28

Stretch or pressure in muscle tissue; detects the stimuli that "deform" the body

Front 29

Taste buds

Back 29

Located in the lining of the mouth on the soft palate and on the tongue.

Front 30

Otosclerosis

Back 30

Inherited bone disorder that impairs conduction by causing structural in regularities in the stapes

Front 31

Presbycusis

Back 31

Condition that is a progressive hearing loss associated with aging

Front 32

Tinnitus

Back 32

Ringing of the ear

Front 33

End organ

Back 33

Refers to a specialized structure at the peripheral end of some motor or sensory nerve fibers, sensory neurons

Front 34

Brain stem

Back 34

Affect so-called "vital sign" reflexes when sensory impulses end here

Front 35

Thalamus

Back 35

When sensory impulses end here they trigger imprecise or "crude" sensation awareness

Front 36

2 point discrimination

Back 36

Measures sensibility on the skin in various parts of the body

Front 37

Mechanoreceptors

Back 37

Receptors for hearing and equilibrium (hair)

Front 38

External ear

Back 38

2 divisions: auricle (ear) and external auditory meatus (ear canal)

Front 39

Ear canal

Back 39

Cerumen secreting glands (ear wax). Is continuous with the tympanic membrane (ear drum)

Front 40

Papillae

Back 40

They are small, elevated projections on the tongue. Can recognize all 5 flavorspire

Front 41

Middle ear

Back 41

4 openings, houses 3 auditory ossicles: starting at tympanic membrane and ending at the oval window- malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), and stapes (stirrup). The

Front 42

Pure taste

Back 42

Only 5: sweet, sour, bitter, salty, savory (umami) from the amino acid glutamate

Front 43

GPCR- g protein coupled receptors

Back 43

Sensation of sweet, umami, and bitter tastes require GPCR

Front 44

Chemoreceptors

Back 44

Both olfactory receptors and taste buds

Front 45

Receptor potential

Back 45

A graded response; it occurs when an adequate stimulus acts on a receptor such as in a taste bud- where taste is converted into an electrical signal sent to the brain. This can stimulate an action potential in the axon of a sensory neuron

Front 46

Filiform papillae

Back 46

Most numerous on the tongue but DO NOT contain taste buds

Front 47

Cataracts

Back 47

Cloudy spots on the lens that develop as we age

Front 48

Glaucoma

Back 48

Condition that is caused by excessive inatraocular pressure

Front 49

Middle ear

Back 49

4 openings, houses 3 auditory ossicles: malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), stapes (stirrups). The auditory or eustachian tube connects the middle ear to the throat ad nasopharynx ad is part of the middle ear

Front 50

Inner ear

Back 50

Called bony labyrinth because of complicated shape and is subdivided into the vestibule(balance), semicircular canals (balance), cochlear duct (heating)

Front 51

Utricle and saccule

Back 51

Organs responsible for static equilibrium. Detect the position of the head and is located in the vestibule of the inner ear